BACKGROUND Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport across the central nervous system (CNS) is no longer believed to be on the conventional lines. The Virchow-Robin space (VRS) that facilitates CSF transport from the basal cisterns into the brain interstitial fluid (ISF) has gained interest in a whole new array of studies. Moreover, new line of evidence suggests that VRS may be involved in different...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection directly initiates a signal transduction pathway that leads to activation of a large number of cellular interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Our previous studies demonstrated that two interferon response elements, the interferon-stimulated response element and gamma interferon-activated site (GAS), in the ISG promoters serve as HCMV response sites (VRS). In...

150 words) Study Objective To compare intranasal fentanyl (INF) with intravenous morphine (IVM) for prehospital analgesia. Methods Randomized, controlled, open-label trial. Consecutive adult patients (n=258) requiring analgesia (Verbal Rating Score (VRS) >2/10 non-cardiac or >5/10 cardiac) were recruited. Patients received INF 180mcg +/2 doses of 60 mcg at ≥ 5 minute intervals, or IVM 2.5-5mg +...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that enlarged Virchow-Robin space volumes (VRS) are associated with objective measures of poor quality sleep. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. PATIENTS Twenty-six patients being evaluated for cerebrovascular disease were assessed using polysomnography and high-resolution structural magnetic reson...

Background Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) are associated with vascular and neurodegenerative disease. In multiple sclerosis (MS), VRS have been associated with neuroinflammation. Ultrahigh-field imaging may be used to gain insight in these contradictory findings.

The vortex ring state (VRS) of a rotor is associated with the development trailed system in powered descending flight, where topology wake changes from its usual helical form into toroidal form. In VRS, envelops entire rotor, and it sheds reforms an unsteady manner. previous attempts to understand basic phenomenology focus was on role vortices transition VRS: computational experimental work uti...

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل رابطه بین مهارت‌های رهبری پایدار و مؤلفه‌های هم‌­آفرینی نقش میانجی اعتماد شناختی از دیدگاه اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه بیرجند انجام گرفت.طراحی/روش­‌شناسی/رویکرد: روش توصیفی- همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه در سال تحصیلی 98-99 به تعداد 323 نفر بودند که استفاده نمونه­‌گیری تصادفی ساده 230 انتخاب شدند. برای سنجش متغیرهای پرسش­نامه محقق‌­ساخته پایایی 93/0، پرسشنامه هم­‌آ...

A diagrammatic problem-solver requires a library of visual routines (VRs) and action routines (ARs) the VRs are used to obtain information of specified types from the diagram and ARs to modify the diagram in specified ways. The VRs/ARs required are unbounded a new domain may call for new perceptions and actions. We report on progress on our research in building an automated VR/AR synthesis syst...

Wireless communications are vulnerable against radio frequency (RF) interference which might be caused either intentionally or unintentionally. A particular subset of wireless networks, Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANET), incorporate a series safety-critical applications, may potential target RF jamming with detrimental safety effects. To ensure secure between entities and in order to make the n...