We analyze a dynamic model of international environmental agreements where countries cannot make long-term commitments or use sanctions rewards to induce cooperation. The equilibrium is Markov chain, not particular coalition. A large and effective coalition an absorbing state, reached after random succession short-lived ineffective coalitions. Reaching such requires that the endogenous probabil...

Het verlangen een alfaman te worden dreef incel Elliot Rodger tot geweld, als breekijzer om de eigen, tekortschietende mannelijkheid elimineren en verlossing forceren, zo betoogt historica Annelotte Janse.

Elliot and colleagues (2006) examined the effects of experimentally induced achievement goals, proposed by the trichotomous model, on self-handicapping and performance in physical education. Our study replicated and extended the work of Elliot et al. by experimentally promoting all four goals proposed by the 2 x 2 model (Elliot & McGregor, 2001), measuring the participants' own situational achi...