AES Rijndael is a block cipher developed by NIST as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) replacing DES and published as FIPS 197 in November 2001 [5] to address the threatened key size of Data Encryption Standard (DES). AES-Rijndael was developed by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen, Rijndael [4, 5] and was selected from five finalists. Advancement in computation speed every day puts lots of pre...

Abstract. Biclique cryptanalysis is a recent technique that has been successfully applied to AES resulting in key recovery faster than brute force. However, a major hurdle in carrying out biclique cryptanalysis on AES is that it requires very high data complexity. This naturally warrants questions over the practical feasibility of implementing biclique attack in the real world. In Crypto’13, Ca...

BACKGROUND We need to know the scale and underlying causes of surgical adverse events (AEs) in order to improve the safety of care in surgical units. However, there is little recent data. Previous record review studies that reported on surgical AEs in detail are now more than ten years old. Since then surgical technology and quality assurance have changed rapidly. The objective of this study wa...

We recently found that the product of the AES gene functions as a metastasis suppressor of colorectal cancer (CRC) in both humans and mice. Expression of amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES) protein is significantly decreased in liver metastatic lesions compared with primary colon tumors. To investigate its downregulation mechanism in metastases, we searched for transcriptional regulators of ...

AES is the best known and most widely used block cipher. Its three versions (AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256) differ in their key sizes (128 bits, 192 bits and 256 bits) and in their number of rounds (10, 12, and 14, respectively). While for AES-128, there are no known attacks faster than exhaustive search, AES-192 and AES-256 were recently shown to be breakable by attacks which require 2 and 2 t...

M. bovis strain Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been the only licensed live attenuated vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) for nearly one century and has also been approved as a therapeutic vaccine for bladder cancer treatment since 1990. During its long time usage, different adverse events (AEs) have been reported. However, the AEs associated with the BCG preventive TB vaccine and therapeutic...

In India, quality surveillance for acute encephalitis syndrome (AES), including laboratory testing, is necessary for understanding the epidemiology and etiology of AES, planning interventions, and developing policy. We reviewed AES surveillance data for January 2011-June 2012 from Kushinagar District, Uttar Pradesh, India. Data were cleaned, incidence was determined, and demographic characteris...

Abstract. Biclique cryptanalysis was proposed by Bogdanov et al. in Asiacrypt 2011 as a new tool for cryptanalysis of block ciphers. A major hurdle in carrying out biclique cryptanalysis is that it has a very high query complexity (of the order of 2 for AES-128, 2 for AES-192 and 2 for AES-256). This naturally puts a big question mark over the practical feasibility of implementing biclique atta...

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) block cipher system is widely used in cryptographic applications. The main core of AES block cipher is the substitution table or SBox. This S-box is used to provide confusion capability for AES. The aim of this paper is to design dynamic S-box which depends on the secret key. The parameters of the new created SBOXes have characteristics equal to those in the o...