buying and selling human organs is among the newly-arisen jurisprudential issues, about which the imāmī jurists have opted two theories in response to this issue. some of them have regarded the situational decree of buying and selling human organs as invalidity according to the traditions comprising of the contents invalidating the purchase of dead animal and the consensus on it, and have viewe...

In this paper, using a within-subjects design, we estimate the utility weights that subjects attach to the outcome of their interaction partners in four decision situations: (1) binary Dictator Games (DG), second player's role in the sequential Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) after the first player (2) cooperated and (3) defected, and (4) first player's role in the sequential Prisoner's Dilemma game. W...

Planning of real world instances has to be performed through a lot of debates, negotiations and arguments between groups of planning agents. Conflicts of interest are inevitable and support for achieving consensus and compromise is required. The identification and selection among alternative courses of action have to be supported with rational, fair and effective decision-making models, especia...

Although humans are assumed to be rational beings, there has been little consensus regarding the criteria for distinguishing rational from irrational behaviors. For example, overgrazing that often results in a tragedy of the commons is usually considered irrational. A subsequent question may be why there are always some rational people engaging in irrational overgrazing. Based on rationality th...

Bromodomains (BRDs) are epigenetic interaction domains currently recognized as emerging drug targets for development of anticancer or anti-inflammatory agents. In this study, development of a selective ligand of the fifth BRD of polybromo protein-1 (PB1(5)) related to switch/sucrose nonfermenting (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complexes is presented. A compound collection was evaluated by conse...

This paper studies how the investors’ attitude towards earnings surprises affects the managers’ incentives to manipulate earnings in an intertemporal context, where the consensus forecast of the analysts is not exogenously given but determined by the strategic interaction between the analysts and the managers. Our analysis shows that given the asymmetric investors’ reaction to earnings surprise...

In this paper, decentralized feedback control strategies are derived for min-max time consensus tracking of multi-agent systems with bounded inputs that are communicating over directed graphs. Each agent is a linear time invariant system with distinct and rational eigenvalues. The graph contains a directed spanning tree rooted at an agent which generates the reference trajectory for the other a...

In the last decade the European Medicines Agency has been attempting to harmonize the work of the existing national medicines regulatory authorities and the data regarding efficacy criteria and safety for the use of human medicines in specific pathologies (eg. Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Depression), thus creating guidance notes for clinical investigation. Medical prescription decisions ar...

Treatment options for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are available, but clear instructions for the selection of appropriate treatment are lacking. A meeting of urology experts based in Thailand was convened with the following objectives: (1) to reach a consensus and share real-life experiences about how to identify CRPC; (2) to choose the appropriate treatment for CRPC patients; (3...