abstract in order to determine efficacy of some registered graminicides in control of resistant and susceptible ryegrass biotypes, two greenhouse trials were conducted at weed research department of iranian plant protection research institute during 2007. experimental design was completely randomized design with eight replications. the susceptible and resistant biotypes were treated by 19 herbi...

The objectives of the current studies were to determine the roles of key enzymes in central carbon metabolism in the context of increased production of antibiotics in Streptomyces coelicolor. Genes for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphoglucomutase (Pgm) were deleted and those for the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) were overexpressed. Under the conditions tested, glucose-6-pho...

Mycobacteria contain a large variety of fatty acids which are used for the biosynthesis of several complex cell wall lipids that have been implicated in the ability of the organism to resist host defenses. The building blocks for the biosynthesis of all these lipids are provided by a fairly complex set of acyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCases) whose subunit composition and roles within these organisms...

Black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides HUDS.) is a common weed of cereal crops widely spread in Northern Europe. Even if the first Belgian case of resistance was reported in 1996, until now, Belgium was quite spared of this problem and only a few restricted areas were concerned: the Polders, the marshland of the Escaut River and the Fosses-la-Ville region. About 90 seed samples were collected trou...

ABSTRACT: The resistance of Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) to cyhalofop-p-butyl has already been confirmed in rice fields Santa Catarina, Brazil. However, it is not known if this affects other ACCase inhibitors. This study evaluated the occurrence cross-resistance biotypes from main rice-growing regions Catarina research was conducted a greenhouse, using completely randomized design wit...

Short-spike canarygrass (Phalaris brachystachys (Link.)) from Iranian wheat fields has developed resistance to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors due a target-site mutation (Ile-1781-Thr). Target-site mutations may confer pleiotropic effects in weeds. In this paper, the possible effect of Ile-1781-Thr on ecological fitness during life cycles P. plants was investigated. ACCase gen...

The metabolic detoxication/bioactivation pathways, the levels and activity of enzymes, and endogenous cofactors mediating these reactions in crops have been well document‐ ed; however, much less evidence has been accumulated in weed species. The herbicide metabolism as a selectivity factor is summarized with special attention to acetyl-CoA car‐ boxylases (ACCase)-inhibiting aryloxyphenoxypropio...

Weed management is the major biological constraint in paddy (Oryza sativa L.) producing areas. Predominantly, barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) a rice-mimicking weed that causes 57% of yield loss rice production. Conventionally, herbicides are site-specific inhibitors often used to suppress E. crus-galli growth. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) an important target for developing novel with...

Asia minor bluegrass (Polypogon fugax) is a common annual grass weed of winter crops distributed across China. We conducted a study on the resistance level and the mechanism of resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in a P. fugax population from China. Whole-plant dose-response experiments in greenhouse showed that the resistant P. fugax population was 1991, 364, 269, 157, and 8-fold resist...