OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine whether tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is released directly from the ischemic myocardium undergoing reperfusion. BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is a protein hormone produced by systemic leukocytes (primarily by activated macrophages). It has been implicated as a systemic mediator in the development of septic shock and other ...

objective(s): the objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of licochalcone b (lcb) in a mice model of carbon tetrachloride (ccl4)-induced liver toxicity. materials and methods: hepatotoxicity was induced in mice by a single subcutaneous injection (sc) of ccl4. the lcb was administered orally once a day for seven days (po) as pretreatment at three doses of 1, 5, and...

CD: Crohn’s disease IBD: inflammatory bowel disease TNF: tumor necrosis factor INTRODUCTION Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a is a cytokine critical for effective immune surveillance. Abnormally elevated TNF has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory conditions. Anti-TNF medications are an effective targeted therapy for these conditions. Cutaneous reactions after treatment with an...

CD40 function is initiated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor (TRAF) adapter proteins, which play important roles in signaling by numerous receptors. Characterizing roles of individual TRAFs has been hampered by limitations of available experimental models and the poor viability of most TRAF-deficient mice. Here, B cell lines made deficient in TRAF2 using a novel homologo...

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) represents a slowly progressive pathologic process associated with major morbidity and mortality. The process is characterized by multiple steps: inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification. Numerous studies focalized on its physiopathology highlighting different "actors" for the multiple "acts." This paper focuses on the role of the tumor necrosis factor supe...

the aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of spirulina platensis (s.platensis) by measuring the levels of serum interleukin (il)-4, il-10, il-17, tumor necrosis factor(tnf)-α and interferon (ifn)-|γ| in mice suffered from systemic candidiasis and breast cancer. theaqueous extract of s. platensis was selected for this study. balb/c female mice were inoculated withcand...

The aim of our study is to elucidate changes in the content pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) blood serum guinea pigs dynamics experimental periodontitis immobilization stress.The combined pathology (experimental stress) accompanied by a pronounced progression proinflammatory group - TNF-α IL-6 against ba...