Linearity is a critical measurement for overall performance of digital-to-analog converters (DAC) in mixed-signal system-on-chips (SoCs). Device parameters become more difficult to control due to variations from fabrication process with deep sub-micron technology. Such parameters also continue to degrade after fabrication as time elapses. Process variations of DACs are major source of non-linea...

An isolable N,N’-diamidocarbene (DAC) was previously shown to promote the B–H bond activation of various BH3 complexes. The resultant DAC–BH3 adducts facilitated olefin hydroborations under mild conditions and in the absence of exogenous initiators. The substrate scope for such transformations was further explored and is described herein. While organoboranes were obtained in quantitative yields...

The aim of the current study was to investigate the antineoplastic activities of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (also known as decitabine; DAC) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), administered alone or in combination, in K562 cells in vitro, as well as the effects on the expression of the tumor suppressor genes, p16INK4a (p16) and retinoic acid receptor β (RAR-β). Cell growth inhibition, differentiatio...

This paper proposes an approach for designing a R-2R 10 bit Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) which could be made to operate at low voltage supply by efficiently exploiting the cascaded Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) architecture. The DAC operates at a 3V power supply with a settling time of 50-100ns , dynamic range of around 50-60 dB for signals upto a frequency of 10Mhz. Graph & simulation re...

An oversampled digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with a 100-dB A-weighted dynamic range is presented. It uses a switched-capacitor (SC) array to transfer the sampled charges directly into the headphone driver. The overall DAC gain is precisely controlled by a novel reference stage. A new dynamic element matching algorithm, based on split-set data-weighted averaging (SDWA), is used to improve th...

Distributed Arithmetic Coding (DAC) proves to be an effective implementation of Slepian-Wolf Coding (SWC), especially for short data blocks. To study the property of DAC codewords, the author has proposed the concept of DAC codeword spectrum1. For equiprobable binary sources, the problem was formatted as solving a system of functional equations. Then, to calculate DAC codeword spectrum in gener...

Decitabine (DAC), an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase, demonstrates antitumor activities in various types of cancer. However, its therapeutic potential for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), one of the most aggressive gastrointestinal malignancies, remains to be explored. The present study investigated the antiproliferative effects of DAC on CCA cells in vitro and in vivo. Human CCA cell lines, TFK-1 ...

To overcome unsatisfactory results of classical low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) of cytarabine ≤20 mg twice daily (BID) subcutaneously for 10 days for patients with elderly acute myeloid leukemia (eAML), we evaluated a modified LDAC (mLDAC) of cytarabine 20 mg/m2 BID subcutaneously plus etoposide 50 mg BID orally for 14 days. To determine its feasibility, we compared outcomes of 77 and 42 eAML patien...

Multibit digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are often constructed by combining several 1-bit DACs of equal or different weights in parallel. In such DACs, component mismatches give rise to signal dependent error that can be viewed as additive DAC noise. In some cases these DACs use dynamic element matching techniques to decorrelate the DAC mismatch noise from the input sequence and suppress it...

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a potentially multiorgan disorder. In this study, clinical and serological features from 132 IgG4-RD patients were compared about organ correlations. Underlying pathologies comprised autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) in 85 cases, IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) in 12, IgG4-related sialadenitis (IgG4-SIA) in 56, IgG4-related dacryoadenitis (IgG4-DAC) i...