OBJECTIVE To determine the association between systemic medication use and intraocular pressure (IOP) in a population of older British men and women. DESIGN Population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS We included 7093 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk Eye Study. Exclusion criteria were a history of glaucoma therapy (medical, laser, or sur...

BACKGROUND Current American and European guidelines emphasize the importance of rate-control treatments in treating atrial fibrillation with a Class I recommendation, although data on the survival benefits of rate control are lacking. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether patients receiving rate-control drugs had a better prognosis compared with those without rate-control tre...

ABSTRACT Hypertension causes significant mortality and morbidity around the world. The β-adrenergic blockers are one of most commonly prescribed hypertension medications. Several with different pharmacological qualities have been developed, which may be grouped into three generations based on differences in properties. In this narrative review, we addressed evidence-based literature about role ...

The aim of this study is to determine if COPD patients undergoing lung resection with perioperative β-blocker use are more likely to suffer postoperative COPD exacerbations than those that did not receive perioperative β-blockers. Methods. A historical cohort study of COPD patients, undergoing lung resection surgery at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 2002 and 2006. Primary outcom...

BACKGROUND Although certain drugs that target the renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system are linked to an increased risk for angioedema, data on their absolute and comparative risks are limited. We assessed the risk for angioedema associated with the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren. METHODS ...

β-blockers are effective antihypertensive agents and, together with diuretics, have been the cornerstone of pioneering studies showing their benefits on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a consequence of blood pressure reduction in patients with hypertension. However, evidence from recent meta-analyses have demonstrated no benefit afforded by atenolol compared with placebo in risk of mo...

BACKGROUND β-blockers have little effectiveness in preventing vasovagal syncope in unselected populations, but they might be effective in older patients. We determined whether β-blockers prevent vasovagal syncope in an age-related fashion. METHODS AND RESULTS Two populations were studied. A proportional hazards analysis was performed on an observational cohort study of 153 patients with vasov...

INTRODUCTION Sepsis is a common and deadly complication of infection. As part of the host response, sympathetic stimulation can result in septic myocardial depression, and metabolic, haematological and immunological dysfunction. Administration of β-blockers may attenuate this pathophysiological response to infection, but the effects on clinical outcomes are unknown. The objective of this system...

Abstract Background The clinical benefits of neurohormonal antagonist in patients with heart failure (HF) mid-range and preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF HFpEF) were uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic effect starting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) / angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) β-blocker during HF hospitalization these patients. Methods We analy...

PURPOSE Leg cramps are common in patients with heart failure. Quinine is frequently prescribed in low doses to these patients, but safety of this practice is unknown. We studied the outcomes associated with use of quinine in a nationwide cohort of patients with heart failure. METHODS Through individual-level-linkage of Danish national registries, we identified patients discharged from first-t...