Comparisons within monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs can provide valuable insights into the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences on the variation in tooth size. Twenty-two twin pairs (12 dizygotic twins, 10 monozygotic twins) aged 13 – 25 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered. Mesio-distal measurements of maxillary and mandibular permane...

The incidence of multiple pregnancy has increased by 1.7 times from 1980-1994. Twenty-five percent of all twins are monochorionic diamnionic. The perinatal mortality of monochorionic twins is five times greater than that found in dichorionic twins and the morbidity is eight times greater. The increase in morbidity is due to prematurity, cerebral lesions and congenital malformations. One of the ...

Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) is a rare placental disease that can occur at any time during pregnancy [5] involving identical twins. TTTS occurs when there is an unequal distribution of placental blood vessels between fetuses, which leads to a disproportionate supply of blood delivered. This unequal allocation of blood leads to developmental problems in both fetuses that can range in...

OBJECTIVE Discordance in nuchal translucency measurements in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies was assessed as predictor of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome. STUDY DESIGN A total of 61 monochorionic diamniotic twins were enrolled. Nuchal translucency (NT) and crown-rump-length (CRL) discordance was calculated as the percentage of delta NT and CRL (absolute difference NT/CRL fetus 1 a...

Twin research has offered evidence that monozygotic (MZ) twins are more socially close than dizygotic (DZ) twins, but has not paid much attention to the way twins compare themselves with their co-twin. The few studies in this area suggest that 'horizontal comparisons' (social comparison motivated by solidarity or communion with others) matter more for MZ twins than for DZ twins, at least when t...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that non-diabetic dizygotic and monozygotic twin siblings of patients with type 1 diabetes have a similar high prevalence of islet cell autoantibodies, thus suggesting that islet cell autoimmunity is mainly environmentally determined. DESIGN Prospective twin study. SETTING Two specialist centres for diabetes in the United States. PARTICIPANTS Non-diabetic ...

Background. We present here 2 cases of acute twin-twin transfusion occurred during vaginal labor in monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancies. Case. Fetal heart rate tracings showed tachycardia in the donor twin in the first case, while they showed reassuring patterns in both twins in the second case. Conclusion. These differences in changes of fetal heart rate in the donor twins following acut...

We developed a mathematical model of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) that includes a hydropic recipient twin, adding interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments, fetal congestive cardiac failure, and the dynamics of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) mediators to our previous TTTS model. Ten differential equations for each twin, coupled by the net fetofetal transfusion of blood and bloo...