Judith Runnels

[ 1 ] - Examining the difficulty pathways of can-do statements from a localized version of the CEFR

The Japanese adaptation of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR-J) is a tailored version of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), designed to better meet the needs of Japanese learners of English. The CEFR-J, like the CEFR, uses illustrative  descriptors  known  as  can-do  statements,  that  describe  achievement  goals  for five  skills  (listening,  reading,  spoken ...