محمد جوان

[ 1 ] - اثر مهاری اورکسین A بر انتقالات سیناپسی گابائرژیک نورون‌های هسته‌ی لوکوس‌سرولئوس در موش صحرایی

سابقه و هدف:هستة لوکوس‌سرولئوس حاوی دسته‌های بزرگی از نورون‌های نورآدرنرژیک است که ارتباط گسترده‌ای با دیگر نواحی سیستم عصبی مرکزی از جمله هیپوتالاموس دارد. این هسته در تنظیم فرایندهای شناختی شامل توجه، یادگیری، حافظه و وابستگی به اوپیات‌ها نقش ایفا می‌کند. هر چند اثر تحریکی اورکسین A بر نورون‌های هستة لوکوس‌سرولئوس نشان داده شده است، اثر آن بر انتقالات مهاری سیناپسی نورون‌های این هسته ناشناخته...

[ 2 ] - بررسی میزان بیان HIF1α در پدیده تحمل به ایسکمی القاء شده به واسطه هیپراکسی نورموباریک متناوب در مدل سکته مغزی موش صحرایی

زمینه و هدف: اخیراً نشان داده شده هیپراکسی نورموباریک اثر درمانی قابل ملاحظه‌ای در درمان ایسکمی حاد دارد که اصطلاحاً پیش شرطی‌سازی نامیده می‌شود. به هر حال به خوبی مشخص نیست این پیش‌شرطی در محیط زنده چگونه عمل می‌کند. در مطالعه حاضر اثر هیپراکسی نورموباریک متناوب بر بیان HIF1α در مدل سکته مغزی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. مواد و روش‌ها: مطالعه از نوع تجربی بوده و حیوانات شامل4 گروه، هر گروه شامل 6 موش...

[ 3 ] - اثر تزریق سیستمیک dbcAMP بر پاسخ مهاجرتی سلول های بنیادی عصبی در مدل EAE بیماری ام اس

زمینه و هدف: افزایش مشارکت سلول های بنیادی عصبی در ترمیم اندوژن آسیب های میلینی یکی از مهم ترین استراتژی ها برای درمان های نوین بیماری ام اس است. افزایش cAMP با فعال کردن PKA و همچنین مستقل از آن، ظرفیت ترمیمی مغز را افزایش می دهد. در مطالعه حاضر، اثر تزریق داخل صفاقی آنالوگ فعال آن (dbcAMP) بر مهاجرت سلول های بنیادی عصبی در مدل EAE بیماری ام اس بررسی شد. مواد و روش ها: در این مطالعه تجربی برای...

[ 4 ] - نقش آنزیم اکتو ATPase بر روند کیندلینگ سریع مسیر پرفورنت در موش صحرایی نر

زمینه و هدف: علیرغم تحقیقات گسترده در زمینه صرع، هنوز مکانیسم اصلی ایجاد این اختلال ناشناخته است. با توجه به این که فعالیت آنزیم اکتو ATPase نقش مهمی در تبدیل ATP به AMP داشته و این ماده متعاقبا می تواند به آدنوزین تبدیل شود و نیز با در نظر گرفتن نقش آدنوزین به عنوان مهم ترین عامل ضد تشنج درون زا در مغز، در این تحقیق تاثیر مهار فعالیت اکتو ATPase بر روند کیندلینگ مسیر پرفورنت مورد بررسی قرار گر...

[ 5 ] - بررسی تاثیر کاربرد توام ویتامین های E و D3 بر روی دمیلیناسیون و رمیلیناسیون هیپوکمپ موش صحرایی

زمینه و هدف: امروزه آنتی اکسیدان ها و ویتامین D3 در بیماری های تحلیل برنده سیستم عصبی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند، هرچند که مکانیسم دقیق عمل آن ها به خوبی مشخص نیست. در این مطالعه، اثر تجویز توام ویتامین های Eو D3 بر میزان دمیلیناسیون، مرگ سلولی و بازسازی میلین هیپوکمپ به دنبال تزریق موضعی ایتدیوم بروماید(EB) در موش صحرایی، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه به صورت تجربی بر روی ...

[ 6 ] - اثر آگونیست انتخابی گیرنده آدنوزینی A1 بر روند تخریب و ترمیم میلین القاء شده با لیزولستین در عصب و کیاسمای بینایی موش صحرایی

سابقه و هدف: به دنبال دمیلیناسیون CNS، رمیلیناسیون اتفاق می افتد، اگرچه این فرآیند در آسیبهای مزمن مانند بیماری ام اس غالبا با شکست روبه رو می شود. در فرآیند رمیلیناسیون سلول های پیش ساز الیگودندروسیتی غلاف جدیدی از میلین در اطراف آکسون دمیلینه ایجاد می کنند. این تحقیق سعی در بررسی اثر آگونیست آدنوزین رسپتور A1بر دمیلیناسیون و رمیلیناسیون عصب و کیاسمای بینایی پس از تزریق با لیزولستین در موش صحر...

[ 7 ] - پروتئین کیناز C مهار بازسازی میلین در دمیلیناسیون موضعی القا شده در کیاسمای بینایی موش را میانجی گری می کند

سابقه و هدف: پروتئین های مهاری موجود در میلین با فعال کردن PKC، ترمیم آکسونی در مغز بالغین را محدود می کنند.اگر چه مهار PKC، توانایی پروتئینهای میلین را در مهار رشد آکسونی کاهش می دهد، ولی نقش و مکانیسم آن در مهار بازسازی میلین تاکنون ناشناخته است. با توجه به درگیر شدن دستگاه بینایی در بیماری MS، هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر مهار PKC در بازسازی میلین کیاسمای موش های دمیلینه شده با لیزولیستین می ...

[ 8 ] - P 53: Stem Cell Therapy for Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases (with Emphasis on Multiple Sclerosis)

Autoimmune diseases have been described as an interesting and poorly understood group of disorders. There are many challenges in the respective scientific societies concerning the nature, causes and the therapeutic approaches of these diseases. In accordance with the evidences the nature and etiology of these disorders is multifactorial and complex but the clearest definition could be expressed...

[ 9 ] - Focal Injection of Ethidium Bromide as a Simple Model to Study Cognitive Deficit and Its Improvement

Introduction: Memory and cognitive impairments are some of devastating outcomes of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) plaques in hippocampus, the gray matter part of the brain. The present study aimed to evaluate the intrahippocampal injection of Ethidium Bromide (EB) as a simple and focal model to assess cognition and gray matter demyelination. Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups:...

[ 10 ] - Nogo receptor blockade enhances subventricular zone’s stem cells proliferation and differentiation in demyelination context

Introduction: Nogo-A and Nogo receptor (NgR) are expressed in the subventricular zone (SVZ) stem cells. NgR plays critical inhibitory roles in axonal regeneration and remyelination. However, the role of NgR in SVZ niche behaviors in demyelination context is still uncertain. Here we investigated the effects of NgR inhibition on SVZ niche reaction in a local model of demyelination in adult mouse ...

[ 11 ] - Effects of preconditioning with intermittent normobaric hyperoxia on TNFR1 and TNFR2 expression in the rat brain

Introduction: Recent studies have shown that intermittent normobaric hyperoxia (HO) protects the rat brain from ischemia reperfusion injury. However, the exact mechanism of this kind of protection in vivo is not known. In this study, the effect of HO on expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in a stroke model was investigated. Methods: In this experimental study, rats were divided into 4 groups: no...

[ 12 ] - The demyelination and altered motor performance following electrolytic lesion in the ventrolateral white matter of spinal cord in male rats: benefit of post-injury administration of estradiol

Introduction: Spinal cord injuries are accompanied with significant demyelination of axons and subsequent locomotor dysfunction. To identify the extent of damage following electrolytic lesion of ventrolateral white matter, essential area for initiation of locomotor activity, we assessed demyelination as well as alteration in motor performance. Moreover, the protective effect of estradiol as a c...

[ 13 ] - Alpha-Tocopherol increases the proliferation of induced pluripotent stem cell derived neural progenitor cells

In addition to its antioxidant effect, Vitamin E or α–tocopherol is suggested to enhance remyelination in the animal model of non-inflammatory demyelination. In this study, the possible proliferative effect of vitamin E on human- induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors (hiPS-NPs) and the underlying mechanisms were investigated in vitro. NPs were induced from iPS cells via 3 ste...

[ 14 ] - Evaluation of UCP2 expression in the phenomenon of ischemic resistance induced by alternating normobaric hyperoxia in a rat model of stroke

Introduction: ischemic preconditioning is one of the most important mechanisms, responsible for the increased brain resistance after stroke. One of the most important candidates to ischemia preconditioning is intermittent normobaric hyperoxia. In this study, the effect of intermittent normobaric hyperoxia on the expression of UCP2 was investigated in a stroke model. Methods: Rats were divid...

[ 15 ] - Decreased Uncoupling Protein 2 and 3 (UCP2 and UCP3) mRNA expression by endurance exercise training with and without chronic administration of nandrolone in rat heart

Introduction: The effect of regular exercise in decreasing the incidence of heart diseases is well known. The abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) has been associated with cardiovascular disorders. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane thereby proton gradient can be diminished by the action of UCPs. This process will result in the uncoupl...

[ 16 ] - Reaction of subventricular zone stem cells to the induction of experimental autoimmue encephalomyelitis in mouse

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease. In the present study, we investigated the response of subventricular zone (SVZ) adult stem cells in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, and also the differentiation fate of these stem cells. Methods: Mice were immunized with MOG peptide emulsified in complete Freund'...

[ 17 ] - Electrophysiological and Histological Study of Lysolecithin-Induced Local Demyelination in Adult Mice Optic Chiasm

Introduction: Demyelination is one of the main causes of neurological disability. It is the end product of numerous pathological processes, multiple sclerosis (MS) being the most common cause. More than 70% of the MS patients suffer from optic disturbances. This disease commonly affects the optic pathway, particularly the optic nerves and chiasm. Several attempts have been made to produce a ...

[ 18 ] - Postnatal developmental alterations in the locus coeruleus neuronal fast excitatory postsynaptic currents mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors of rat

Introduction: In the present work, spontaneous postsynaptic currents were assessed to investigate the postnatal development of excitatory postsynaptic currents in locus coeruleus neurons. Methods: In this study, AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated spontaneous synaptic currents in the neurons of locus coeruleus were assessed using whole cell voltage-clamp recording during the first three weeks. ...

[ 19 ] - Is the pain modulatory action of 17β-estradiol in locus coeruleus of male rats is mediated by GABAA receptors?

Introduction: Estradiol is a neuroactive steroid, which is found in several brain areas such as locus coeruleus (LC). Estradiol modulates nociception by binding to its receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membranebound receptors like glutamate and GABAA receptors. LC is involved in noradrenergic descending pain modulation. Methods: In order to study the effect of 17β-estra...

[ 20 ] - Changes in beta 1 and beta 2 integrin genes expression in rat lumbar spinal cord is supportive of the inhibitory effect of chronic pain on the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia

Introduction: In order to study the alterations of beta 1 and 2 integrins mRNA level in rat lumbar spinal cord following the induction of chronic pain and its effect on the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia, we examined the level of expression of these genes in the presence of chronic pain, which is an inhibitor of morphine tolerance. We used induction of chronic pain alone and ...

[ 21 ] - Changes in gene expression levels of the enzymes involved in biosynthesis and degradation of catecholamines following chronic administration of morphine and pain in rats

Introduction: Stress inhibits the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia via activating Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. Modified catecholamine systems have been reported following morphine tolerance development. In the current study we tried to evaluate changes in the gene expression levels for MAO-A, MAO-B, COMT and thyrosine hydroxylase (TyH) enzymes following chronic p...

[ 22 ] - Investigation on the vasodilatory effect of insulin through KATP channels and NO pathway in the skin vessels of native and diabetic rats

Introduction: Endothelium and smooth muscle dysfunction are the most important complications of diabetes. In type 1 diabetic patients, absence of insulin leads to vasoconstriction and lower skin blood perfusion. Release of some mediators by endothelium which is induced by insulin causes vasodilation, but the exact mechanism of insulin vasodilatory effect is not detected properly. At present st...

[ 23 ] - Possible role for integrins in the development of tolerance to the analgesic effect of morphine in male rats

There is some evidence supporting the reduced activity of integrins following chronic administration of morphine. This reduction might play a role in morphine tolerance development. Manganese binds to the extracellular domain of integrins and makes them to be activated. The effect of integrins activation using manganese on tolerance development to the analgesic effect of morphine was investi...

[ 24 ] - Possible relevance of tolerance to analgesic effect of morphine due to chronic inflammatory pain and the role of lumbar spinal cord in this interaction

It has been reported that morphine tolerance does not develop in the presence of chronic pain. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out whether chronic inflammatory pain is able to eliminate or attenuate the developed tolerance to analgesic effect of morphine and also to investigate the role of lumbar spinal cord as a candidate site for this interaction. Tolerance was induced in adult ma...

[ 25 ] - اثر کادمیوم بر ایجاد تحمل به اثر ضد دردی مرفین در موش صحرایی

زمینه و هدف: کادمیوم کاتیونی است که در همه محصولات تنباکو و از جمله دود سیگار وجود دارد. شواهدی وجود دارد که این کاتیون می‌تواند موجب تداخل با تکوین تحمل به مرفین شود. در این مطالعه سعی شده است اثر کادمیوم بر تکوین تحمل به اثر ضد دردی مرفین بررسی شود. روش تحقیق: برای القای تحمل به مرفین، دوز 15 میکروگرم مرفین دو بار در روز به مدت پنج روز به شیوه داخل نخاعی به موشهای صحرایی نر تزریق شد. امکان ...

[ 26 ] - Trichostatin A Promotes the Conversion of Astrocytes to Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in a Defined Culture Medium

The generation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) offers tremendous opportunities for cell replacement therapy in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury. Recently, the prospect of reprogramming terminally differentiated adult cells towards another mature somatic cell or progenitor cells without an intermediate pluripotent state has been of interest...

[ 27 ] - Fingolimod Enhances Oligodendrocyte Differentiation of Transplanted Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitors

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which affects myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) and leads to serious disability. Currently available treatments for MS mainly suppress the immune system. Regenerative medicine-based approaches attempt to increase myelin repair by targeting endogenous progenitors or transplanting stem cells or their derivatives. Fingolimod exerts anti-inf...

[ 28 ] - Trichostatin A Promotes the Conversion of Astrocytes to Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in a Defined Culture Medium

The generation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) offers tremendous opportunities for cell replacement therapy in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury. Recently, the prospect of reprogramming terminally differentiated adult cells towards another mature somatic cell or progenitor cells without an intermediate pluripotent state has been of interest...

[ 29 ] - Fingolimod Enhances Oligodendrocyte Differentiation of Transplanted Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitors

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which affects myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) and leads to serious disability. Currently available treatments for MS mainly suppress the immune system. Regenerative medicine-based approaches attempt to increase myelin repair by targeting endogenous progenitors or transplanting stem cells or their derivatives. Fingolimod exerts anti-inf...

[ 30 ] - اثر هیپراکسی نورموباریک متناوب و فعالیت پروتیئن کیناز C بر نفوذپذیری سد خونی – مغزی در رت

زمینه و هدف: اخیراً نشان داده شده هیپراکسی نورموباریک متناوب اثر درمانی قابل ملاحظه ای در درمان ایسکمی حاد دارد. در مطالعه حاضر اثر هیپراکسی نورموباریک متناوب و فعالیت پروتیئن کیناز C در نفوذپذیری سد خونی – مغزی، همچنین ارزیابی رفتاری در رت بررسی شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی 36 رت نژاد ویستار به 6 گروه شش تایی شامل: نورموکسی (شم)، نورموکسی + Chelerythrin chloride ( CHEL )، نورموکس...

[ 31 ] - Spatial Learning and Memory in Barnes Maze Test and Synaptic Potentiation in ‎Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses of Dorsal Hippocampus in Freely Moving Rats

Introduction: Synaptic plasticity has been suggested as the primary physiological mechanism underlying memory formation. Many experimental approaches have been used to investigate whether the mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation (LTP) are activated during learning. Nevertheless, little evidence states that hippocampal-dependent learning triggers synaptic plasticity. In this study, we in...

[ 32 ] - Myelin Protection by Ursolic Acid in Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination in Mice

Neuronal survival in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases depends on the preservation of myelin and remyelination of axons. Myelin protection is the main purpose to decrease myelin damage in the central nervous system (CNS). Ursolic acid (UA) as a natural product in apple is suggested to protect neural cells. This study is the first to demonstrate an effect for UA on CNS mye...

[ 33 ] - Myelin Protection by Ursolic Acid in Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination in Mice

Neuronal survival in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases depends on the preservation of myelin and remyelination of axons. Myelin protection is the main purpose to decrease myelin damage in the central nervous system (CNS). Ursolic acid (UA) as a natural product in apple is suggested to protect neural cells. This study is the first to demonstrate an effect for UA on CNS mye...