Reza Aflatoonian
[ 2 ] - O-28: Endometriosis Is Influenced by The Promoter Haplotype-Based Expression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)
Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by accumulated active macrophages in ectopic tissue of endometriosis. MIF is involved in pathophysiological events of endometriosis, such as angiogenesis and cell proliferation. MIF that stimulates the synthesis of PGE2, leads to over-expression of local estradiol synthesis in endometrio...
[ 3 ] - O-31: Epigenetic Aberration of HOXA10 Gene in Human Endometrium throughout The Menstrual Cycle in Endometriosis
Background: Epigenetic aberration such as DNA methylation and histone modifications appear to be involved in various diseases such as Endometriosis. Here, we investigated the epigenetic regulation of HOXA10 promoter, as a crucial gene, responsible for uterine organogenesis, functional endometrial differentiation and endometrial receptivity, and its correlation with mRNA expression of this gene ...
[ 4 ] - P-2: Zaralenone-Induced Damages in Testicular
Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by accumulated active macrophages in ectopic tissue of endometriosis. MIF is involved in pathophysiological events of endometriosis, such as angiogenesis and cell proliferation. MIF that stimulates the synthesis of PGE2, leads to over-expression of local estradiol synthesis in endometrio...
[ 5 ] - P-34: Expression of Toll-like Receptor2-3 Genes in Sertoli Cells of Patients with Azoospermia
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) constitute a major part of innate immunity, which can distinguish pathogen associate molecular pattern. Sertoli cells create a special immunological niche that protects somniferous tubules from auto antigens and pathogens. These cells are the only somatic cells in somniferous that protect testis cells against pathogens. The purpose of this study was to eva...
[ 6 ] - P-214: Testosterone to Induce Mice Models for The Study of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of anovulation, infertility and hyperandrogenism in women, affecting 5-10% of women of reproductive age. Due to the ethical limitations on human experimentation, appropriate animal models that mimic many or all PCOS characteristics would facilitate research leading to improved understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS...
[ 7 ] - P-225: Gene Variations of Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Endometriosis
Background: Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder that is characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue. Recently, endometriosis has been alternatively described as an immune, genetic and hormonal disease caused by exposure to environmental factors. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) comprises a family of receptors through directly recognizing exogenous and endogenous ligands play...
[ 8 ] - P-228: Altered Expression of Folliclestimulating Hormone Receptor and Luteinizing Hormone Receptor in Granulosa Cells from Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common complex genetic endocrinopathy, affecting 5 - 10% of women at reproductive age. PCO granulosa cells seem to have abnormal responses to follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH is considered to be a pituitary glycoprotein that plays an important role during folliculogenesis as it promotes the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa ...
[ 9 ] - P-246: Gene Variation of TLR4 in Patients with Endometriosis
Background: Endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus, is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory condition associated with degrees of pelvic pain and infertility. Toll-like receptors play a key role in immune response, by regulating inflammatory reactions and activating adaptive immune response to eliminate infectious pathogens and cancer debris. Pol...
[ 10 ] - P-189: Gene Variations of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Endometriosis
Background: Endometriosis, a common, benign, estrogendependent and chronic inflammatory condition, is characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue that is found primarily in the peritoneum, ovaries and rectovaginal septum. In addition to its usual description as a hormonal disorder, some genetic, immunological and environmental factors can affect this disease. Toll-like receptors (...
[ 11 ] - P-33: Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 2-3 Genes in Human Sertoli Cells
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) constitute a major part of innate immunity, which can distinguish pathogen associate molecular pattern. Sertoli cells create a special immunological niche that protects somniferous tubules from auto antigens and pathogens. These cells are the only somatic cells in somniferous that protect testis cells against pathogens. The purpose of this study was to eva...
[ 12 ] - P-162: Pathophysiology of Endometriosis is Interacted by MIF, its Receptor and COX-2
Background: Endometriosis is a gynecological disease associated with severe pelvic pain and infertility. Immunological changes that occur in patients with endometriosis include reduced natural killer cell and T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity in the peritoneal fluid, and an elevated number of activated macrophages. MIF via its receptor, CD74, initiates a signaling cascade that leads to proliferation an...
[ 13 ] - P-171: Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors In Endometriosis
Background: Endometriosis is a disease which is defined by the growth of endometrium-like tissue outside of the uterine cavity. Literatures show that VEGF by interaction with their receptors, Flt-1 (Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 or VEGFR-1) and Flk-1/KDR (fetal liver kinase/ kinase-insert domain receptor or VEGFR-2) is related to pathogenesis of endometriosis. The purpose of this study was to eval...
[ 14 ] - P-199: Genetic Variation Analysis of MIF in Endometriosis Patients
Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by active macrophages accumulated in ectopic tissue of endometriosis. It involves in pathophysiological events of endometriosis such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation and it can stimulate the synthesis of PGE2 that are necessary for survival and establishment of ectopic endometriosis t...
[ 15 ] - P-217: Expression Analysis of The Histone Variant H2A.Z in Endometrium Tissue during The Menstrual Cycle
Background: The human endometrium undergoes cyclical changes including proliferation, differentiation, tissue breakdown and shedding (menstruation) throughout a woman’s reproductive life. The postovulatory rise in ovarian progestrone induces profound remodeling in chromatin structure of cells, and consequently differentiation of estradiol-primed endometrium. This change is crucial for embryo im...
[ 16 ] - P-219: The Role of E-Cadherin Coding Gene (CDH1) in Pathogenesis of Endometriosis
Background: Endometriosis, a gyncological disorder,benign and common cause of infertility, is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma at ectopic locations outside the uterine cavity. Clinical observations have led to the assessment that endometriosis is an invasive disease. Abnormal expression of adhesion molecules such as cadherins is likely to be an important determinant of l...
[ 18 ] - I-21: The Expression of TLRs in Follicular Cells of Poor Ovarian Responder
Background: One of the most annoying problems in IVF is poor ovarian response. It is anticipated that 5-18% of all IVF cycle are affected by poor response to ovarian hyperstimulation. Poor response to goandotropin may lead to decline in the pool of embryos for transfer or cryoperservation, and decrease pregnancy rates. Different mechanisms explain poor ovarian response for example decreased num...
[ 19 ] - O-34: Cell Membrane Toll like Receptors Expression in Follicular Cells of Women with Endometriosis
Background: Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial cells outside the uterine cavity. It has been suggested that immune system plays important roles in both initiation and progression of the disease. Several studies have been shown that women with endometriosis diverge in their expression of different genes including heat-shock proteins, fibronectin, and neutrophil elastase, which might be i...
[ 20 ] - P-157: TLR5 Gene Expression in Endometrium of Women with Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion
Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is usually defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 20th week of gestation. Although different factors are considered as etiology of RSA but in some cases, despite of extensive work up, the cause of RSA remains unknown which called unexplained RSA. Immunological factors are suggested as etiological factors of unexplained RSA. ...
[ 21 ] - P-159: Immunological Aspect of Ectopic Pregnancy Genes
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in early host defense against invading pathogens. Recognition of some bacterial pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) is mediated by TLR2, 4 and 5 while TLR3 distinguishes double stranded RNA. Interactions between the immune system and female reproductive system have important consequences for fertility and reproductive health....
[ 22 ] - P-172: Intracellular Toll Like Receptors Expression in Endometriosis
Background: Endometriosis is a complex disease that profoundly affects the quality of life in many women. This disease affects roughly one in ten women of reproductive age. Endometriosis induces a variable amount of inflammatory reaction in pelvic environment. An active immune system needs to recognize these inflammatory agents. Rapid innate immune system defenses against infections involve the...
[ 23 ] - P-184: The Role of Cell Surface Toll Like Receptors in Endometriosis
Background: Toll like receptors (TLRs) are a major family of innate immune systems which recognize specific pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPS)in bacterial, fungi, virus and parasites. Human TLRs comprise a large family of 10 different type proteins that are expressed on various immune cells. Among these receptors, TLR1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 10 were expressed on the cell surface. TLR2 form...
[ 24 ] - P-185: Expression and Function of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Fallopian Tuben Carrying Ectopic Pregnancy
Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic growth factor that is produced by different tissues, including the endometrium and ovary. VEGF is involved in many processes related to reproductive physiology, including angiogenesis, which is essential for implantation and placentation. It has been suggested that VEGF may be the angiogenic factor responsible for the implan...
[ 25 ] - P-189: Investigation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors Expression in Ectopic Pregnancy
Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a complication of conception in which the embryo implants outside of uterine cavity. The increasing incidence of serious maternal morbidity resulting from EP has prompted the search for biomarkers to aid in early diagnosis and take advantage of conservative treatments. One of the effective biomarkers in EP is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF ...
[ 26 ] - P-64: Innate Immune System Importance in Ectopic Pregnancy with Emphasis on TLR4 Gene
Background: In an ectopic pregnancy (EP) the egg does not reach to the uterus, but instead implants somewhere outside it, usually in fallopian tube. In most cases the exact cause of an ectopic pregnancy is unknown but it is often a result of some sort of damage to the fallopian tube. The tube may have become blocked or narrowed by previous surgery or infection. An active immune system need to r...
[ 27 ] - P-74: Variation in the Expression of TLR3 in Ectopic Pregnancy
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) form the major family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are involved in the innate immunity. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. In human, 10 members of this family have been identified so far. Among these TLRs, TLR3, 7, 8 and 9 designed to recognize nucleic acids and expresse...
[ 28 ] - P-82: The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Ectopic Pregnancy
Background: The innate immune system is our first line of defense against invading pathogens. Toll–like receptors (TLRs) have been identified as a key role in mediating the function of innate immune system which bridges the gap between innate and adaptive immunity. For example, TLR2 is able to act as a homodimer to recognize lipoteichoic acids of Gram-positive bacteria but as a heterodimer with...
[ 29 ] - P-83: Immunological Evaluation of Ectopic Pregnancy with Emphasis on TLR5
Background: The presence of immune system within the female reproductive tract is increasingly being recognized as an important element for maintaining host protection and promoting reproductive functions. The Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) family plays an important role in innate immune responses against microbial pathogens within the genital tract. These receptors recognize distinct pathogen-asso...
[ 30 ] - I-23: Reproduction and Toll Like Receptors(TLRs
Female and male reproductive tracts are of interest sites to study of immune system because they encounter specific infections such as those are sexually transmitted. Furthermore, female reproductive tract is in close contact with allogenic sperms and transmitted microorganisms during intercourse and semi allogenic fetus during pregnancy. In mammals, there are two types of immune responses, the...
[ 31 ] - P-15: Expression of Intercellular Toll-Like Receptors in Male Genital Tract
Background: In the past decade, childlessness has become a most important problem in the world. At the same time evidence confirms a link between sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and infertility problem. Some of viral STDs are: HIV, HPV, HSVand so on. The innate immune system is essential for the initial detection of invading viruses and subsequent activation of adaptive immunity. also, The...
[ 32 ] - P-17: Expression of Cell Surface Toll-Like Receptors in the Human Male Reproductive Tract
Background: Male infertility refers to the inability of a male to achieve a pregnancy in a fertile female. The root of many causes of infertility is miscommunication between immune and reproductive system. Male reproductive system is very sensitive and vulnerable, infections can hinder maturation and movement of spermatozoa lead to impaired fertility.All species need an immediate reply to the m...
[ 33 ] - I-30: Separate and Combination Effect of SexHormones on TLRs Expression in FallopianTubes
Background: Implantation is characterized by the interaction of two immunologically and genetically distinct tissues. The embryo differs from the cells of the mother, and would be rejected as a parasite by the immune system of the mother if it didn’t secrete immunosuppressive agents. Thus, immunological rejection of the fetus due to recognition of paternal antigens by the maternal immune system...