Farzaneh Arjmand

[ 1 ] - The Contribution of Lexical, Grammatical, and Propositional Knowledge Preparation to L2 Listening Comprehension

III Listening comprehension is a multifaceted L2 skill and its actual mastery has proved challenging for many EFL learners (Matthews, 2018). Pre-listening supports may help us change the dire situation in developing effective listening competence. Therefore, the current study tried to examine the effect of vocabulary preparation, grammar instruction and background knowledge activatio...