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[ 1 ] - An Analysis of Spatial Pathology of the Physical and Social Structure of the City with Non-Relevant Defense Approach Case Study: Tehran Metropolitan Area

Using the passive defense principles in urban plans and projects is important in the context of land use planning, reinforced concrete, citizen education, and increasing urban resiliency. Observing and adhering to these principles will reduce the vulnerability of the city and citizens to security and military threats. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the spatial pathology of the physica...