گلستانی بخت, طاهره

[ 1 ] - بررسی تأثیر شوک الکتریکی بر شرطی‌سازی گریز- اجتناب در ماهی قرمز

Introduction: The aim of this experimental study is to determine the effects of inescapable shock exposures on subsequent escape-avoidance conditioning learning by goldfish (Carassius Auratus). Learned helplessness is a psychological condition in which a human being or an animal has learned to believe that it is helpless in a particular situation, even when it has the power to change its unplea...