The Effect of Resistance Training and Endothelial Stem Cell Injection on Βeta-Actin, Phosphorylated and Total AKT of Skeletal Muscle in Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Background: Type 1 diabetes is associated with decreased skeletal muscle capillary and improper regulation of angiogenesis pathways in skeletal muscle. This research intended to study the effect of resistance training and endothelial stem cell injection on βeta-actin, phosphorylated and total AKT of skeletal muscle in type 1 diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats (age 6 weeks) were divided into six groups of control (healthy), basal diabetic control, diabetic control, diabetes + stem cell injection, diabetes + resistance training and diabetes + stem cell injection + resistance training. In this study, rats became diabetic intraperitoneally using streptozotocin as a single dose of 40 mg/kg. Resistance exercises including climbing a one-meter ladder with weights hanging from the tail were performed for 17 sessions. 500,000 bone-derived stem cells were injected by a cell counter. The levels of βeta-actin, phosphorylated and total AKT in skeletal muscle tissue of rat were measured by using the Western blotting method. Results: The results showed that resistance training led to significant increase in Pho-AKT, β-actin and Pho-AKT/AKT ratio and significant decrease in AKT of muscle tissue in type 1 diabetic rats (P<0.001). Injection of stem cells leads to significant increase in Pho-AKT and Pho-AKT/AKT ratio and resistance training with simultaneous injection of stem cells leads to significant increase in Pho-AKT, β-actin and significant decrease in Akt of muscle tissue in type 1 diabetic rats (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, it is possible that the intervention of resistance training with injection of stem cells can help regulate the pathways of skeletal muscle angiogenesis in type 1 diabetes.