The effect of growth regulators and light on the phenolic content and in vitro regeneration of Aloe vera

Aloe vera L. is one of the most valuable plants in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and food industries. In vitro culture is used for commercial production and due to the abundant application of this plant, extensive research has been performed on the in vitro culture of Aloe vera. For this purpose, the present study was conducted at two stages. At the first stage, the best method of sterilization of explants derived from Aloe vera offshoots was investigated. At the second stage, the effect of the type of explants, the light condition (dark and bright) and the effect of BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) and NAA (α-Naphthalene acetic acid)) growth regulators on regeneration and the amount of phenolic compounds were studied. A factorial experiment was executed on the basis of a completely randomized design with three replications. The best sterilization protocol was 0.1% mercuric chloride (for 2 minutes), 70% ethanol (for 30 seconds) and 15% sodium hypochlorite (for 5 minutes). The little white explant derived from the base of leaves, with the lowest percentage of phenol and the highest survival rate (67.5%) in darkness, was found to be the best candidate. MS medium supplemented with 0.75 mg / L BAP and 0.25 mg / L NAA resulted in the highest stem number (2.5) and stem length (42.107 mm), establishment percentage (73%), leaf number (6.33), leaf diameter (4.8 mm), chlorophyll b (9.216 mg/g) and carotenoids (4.81 mg/g). The highest content of chlorophyll a (56.07 mg/g) and total chlorophyll (61.35 mg/g) were found in samples treated with hormonal medium, supplemented with 1.5 mg / L of BAP with 0.5 mg / L of NAA. The maximum number (3) and average length (33.3 mm) of roots were observed in samples treated with the hormone-free medium.