THE EFFECT OF ENDURANCE EXERCISE TRAINING AND OCTOPAMINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON NLRP1 INFLAMMASOME, PI3K, APOPTOSIS, AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN HEART TISSUE OF RATS POISONED WITH DEEP-FRIED OIL

Background & Aims: Common nutritional mistakes cause inflammation and homeostasis disruption in heart cells. Inflammasome complex is one of the pathways that induces inflammation and degradation of cardiac protein regeneration. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in NLRP1inflammasome, PI3k, apoptosis, and histopathology of heart tissue following aerobic physical activity and octopamine supplementation in male rats poisoned with deep-fried oil (DFO). Materials & Methods: 30 Wistar male rats (300 to 350 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 6): control, deep-fried oil, deep-fried oil + aerobic exercise, deep-fried oil + octopamine supplement (Sup), and deep-fried oil + aerobic exercise + octopamine. During the study, DFO was orally administered to the rats (gavage 10 ml/kg) for 4 weeks (morning). The dose of octopamine was 81 mol/kg (Intraperitoneal injection) and dissolved in 9% normal saline. It was injected into supplement groups 2 hours after the exercise program. The rats in the training group also exercised at a moderate intensity at 50% vo2max in the first week and 65% vo2max in the last week. Changes in NLRP1 gene expression and PI3k protein expression were performed by RT Pcr and IHC. The tunnel assay was also used to evaluate apoptotic cells. Results: Consumption of DFO caused a significant increase in tissue damage (p = 0.001) and collagen deposition (p = 0.001) to heart tissue. Also, DFO gavage for 4 weeks in rat model increased tissue damage, mRNA NLRP1 inflammasome, and apoptotic cells (p = 0.001) and also significantly decreased protein expression of PI3K (p = 0.001). Examination of tissue changes also revealed that deep-fried oil + octopamine and deep-fried oil + aerobic exercise + octopamine groups showed a significant decrease in collagen deposition (p<0.05). Therapeutic interventions also reduced the levels of mRNA NLRP1 and Apoptosis cell and increased protein expression of PI3K. Most of these changes were related to the deep-fried oil + aerobic exercise + octopamine group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that taking octopamine with aerobic exercise for 4 weeks can control the inflammasome complex (reduction of NLRP1 mRNA) followed by reduction of apoptosis and improvement of cardiac cell regeneration capacity (PI3K protein expression) in the model of nutritional disorders induced by DFO. Therefore, it can be concluded that octopamine supplementation with exercise can have a cardiac protection effect in non-smart nutritional conditions.