Molecular Detection of Oral Helicobacter pylori and Its Association with Dental Conditions Among Patients with Helicobacter Infection in Baghdad City

Background and Objective: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium known for its presence in the stomach, but it can also colonize the oral cavity and contribute to various oral and gastric diseases. This study aimed to detect the presence of oral H. pylori and investigate its potential association with dental caries and dental erosion. Methods: Saliva and plaque samples were collected from a study group of 40 H. pylori-infected patients, confirmed by immunological tests, and a control group of 40 healthy, uninfected individuals. Molecular detection of H. pylori in the samples was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally, clinical assessments of dental caries and erosions were conducted. Results: The study group showed a higher prevalence of H. pylori in saliva samples (62.5%) compared to dental plaque samples (45.0%). Among the study group, 70% tested positive for H. pylori by PCR, while 30% tested negative. No positive cases were found in the control group. Dental caries experience (DMFS) was slightly higher in the study group compared to the control group, and significant differences were observed in the distribution of decayed surfaces (DS) and decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) (p<0.05). The prevalence of dental erosion was also higher in the study group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The presence of H. pylori in the oral cavity represents an important risk factor for dental caries and dental erosion. These findings highlight the potential implications of oral H. pylori in systemic infections and emphasize the importance of maintaining good oral health for overall well-being.