Low-risk camps and medical service centers locating before an earthquake using the COCOSO MCDM method, case study: Rudbar, Gilan

Background and objective: Nowadays, due to the increase in population and climate change, the probability of natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes are increasing. Therefore, the need for proper planning to reduce human and financial losses is felt more and more. Locating camps and   medical service centers is one of the measures that should be taken into account to deal with disaster conditions. In this research, camps and medical service centers’ locations have been investigated. According to the historical background of the city of Rudbar in the occurrence of a big earthquake and the location of this city on the active fault of Rudbar, this city was chosen for a case study. Method: Suitable places for the construction of camps and medical service centers were considered from previous researches and the opinion of the experts of the Center for Research and Resilience in Disasters and to rank the options, the compromise mixed solution method has been used. Findings: At first, with the consultation of the experts of the Center for Research and Resilience in Disasters and Disasters and using previous researches, appropriate criteria were determined for prioritizing the candidate places for the construction of medical service centers and camps. Then, according to these criteria, the candidate places were first prioritized to determine the suitable place for the construction of medical service centers, according to the population of Rudbar city, 5 places were selected for the construction of medical service centers, and the other places were selected for the construction of the camp according to the appropriate criteria. In order to identify a suitable place for the construction of the camp, they were prioritized again. Hosp itals and schools are more suitable places to build medical service centers and schools and mosques are more suitable places to build camps. Conclusion: The results show that the criteria of not being located on the fault, the presence of suitable infrastructure, and the distance from the disaster points are important criteria for choosing a medical service center, and criteria not being located on the fault, the presence of suitable infrastructure, and the distance from the medical service centers are important criteria for building a camp.