Investigating the Climate Change on Architecture Based on Mahoney Index, Case Study: Tehran Hot and Dry Climates

City and human are two different human-made and natural systems which has an effect on each other. The formation of a residence depends on the climatic conditions. Construction of a residence shows that people have adapted themselves and their activities to it; while the climatic conditions play an important role in comfort in human environments. Thus, the buildings and environmental spaces should have exact and calculated solutions which are compatible with climatic conditions. The geographical region of this study is arid climate of Tehran. Some climatic elements of synoptic station from the beginning of establishment (1981-2013) were studied and analyzed. Then, Mahoney method was used to determine the characteristics which should be considered in climatic building and in relation with environment conditions. The purpose of this study is presenting architecture principles regarding to the climatic changes since global warming has enhanced the importance of these principles more than ever. Except in the northern area which is temperate and humid, Tehran has arid climate. First, the librarian sources and related literatures were reviewed; then using content analysis, the principles of climatic design were extracted. This study suggests that if designing is done based on climatic changes for urban buildings, the buildings can receive their thermal energy from other renewable sources. To examine this hypothesis, the effects of climate on architecture of arid climate of Tehran were investigated. Based on the existing data and survey study for the architecture of Tehran arid climate, some suggestions are presented. Finally, appropriate solutions for compatibility of climate and architecture in Tehran are presented.