Identifying the Consequences of Formation and Development of Shadow Education in the Educational System: A Phenomenological Study

Ambiguity in the philosophy of education and failure to meet the requirements, on the one hand, and the lack of background and anxiety for the institutionalization of educational philosophy in the educational system and the illiterate outbreak of the tendency to develop testing skills in the students on the other hand has risks at the individual and social levels. This study conducted a semi-structured interview with 15 of the top rankings in undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate undergraduate, postgraduate and specialist enrollments by analyzing perceptions and experiences, based on phenomenological method so that the effect of registration in so-called test classes on student performance the exam will be interpreted in a national exam. The findings revealed 4 general themes, the drop in literacy of graduates with 7 sub-themes, low-income elites with 4 sub-themes, the weakening of formal education with 4 sub-themes and the theme of social inequality with 9 subsamples. The results show that, although the use of these classes increases the probability of success in multiple-choice tests, it has led to the formation and intensification of social inequality. In other words, the ill-fated promotion of the use of pre-school classes has paved the way for the ineffectiveness of formal education and, as a result of neglecting the many talents who have no such ability to use these kinds of training for reasons such as material, social and cultural, ability to admit to high-paying and popular courses. It seems that this has led to a neglect of the potential of the community and the intensification of social inequality; it doubles the need for rethinking to prevent the deepening of the hazards enumerated.