Explaining the Iconographic Role of Karbala in the Formation and Continuation of the Shiite Movements and the Islamic Revolution

The Shiite school has been the promoter of movements that have stood up to oppression, and this political thought has shaped Shiite political and social movements and movements throughout history. Historically, the turning point of the Shiite revolution and the formation of Shiite protest movements and events is the Ashura event, and the land of Karbala as the holy land of the Shiites and the place of martyrdom of Imam Hussein (AS) has always, at all times and places, taken the ideological burden from the Ashura event. It has spread to Shiite communities. Thus, the formation and activity of Shiite movements can be traced well after the events of Karbala and examined in terms of the effects that Karbala has had on their formation and continuity in different categories. This article by descriptive-analytical and based on library and documentary studies attempts to study Karbala's role in the formation and continuation of Shiite movements. According to the findings of this study, it can be said that this influence has not always been the same at different times, and in each period, in terms of temporal and spatial requirements as well as the degree of readiness of the Shiite community, it has manifested itself in different ways. On this basis, Shi'ite movements can be categorized into general categories: Imam Hussein's revenge and revenge revolts, Zaydiya uprisings, movements that led to the formation of government, and contemporary Shi'ite movements.