Determination of Frequency of Positive Blood Culture Samples and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Isolated Bacteria from Patients Suspected of Infectious Diseases Admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz in 2013-2016

Introduction: The invasion of microorganisms into the bloodstream and spread to different parts of body can cause disruption the functions of vital organs and even death. This study aimed to evaluation of positive blood cultures in patients suspected to septicemia admitted to the Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2013-2016. Materials and Methods:  In this study, blood samples of patients were cultured and isolated bacteria were identified using standard methods. Antibacterial susceptibility testing of isolated bacteria to selected antibiotics was performed using disk diffusion method based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software and frequency distribution table. Results: The results showed 6.6% of the blood cultures were positive for bacteria. Isolated bacteria were 63.5% gram-positive and 36.5% were gram-negative bacteria. In our study, the most common micro-organisms in general were as follows: Staphylococcus coagulase negative (49.85%), Klebsiella Pneumonia (9.46%), Acinetobacter baumannii (8.33%) and Staphylococcus aureus (7.77%).  Gram-positive organisms have the highest resistance to Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Erythromycin and Cefazolin. In general, there was the highest resistance of gram-negative organisms to Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone and cefepime. Conclusion: With appropriate antibiotics prescription, according to exact results of antibiogram and with sanitation in various parts of hospital, especially the neonatal’s part, can be proceed accurate treatment and reduce health costs.