Comparative Study of Jewish Religious Buildings and Mosques in Islam Focusing on the Study and Analysis of the Formation of the Early Buildings Based On Theoretical and Religious Texts

Abstract Type and level of religious beliefs, rules and contents generally and the religion specifically can be represented in the culture generally and in the architecture and the structure of the sanctuaries specifically. In Judaism and Islam which are based on their special ideology, such representations are the sign of the religious thoughts, rules and beliefs related to their religion and worldview which is reflected in the appearance and the structure of the sanctuaries and mosques. Several views have been stated by the scholars on the features and the architecture of the religious buildings and mosques during different historical periods with different appearances and frameworks, but nothing has been mentioned about the general and specific differences and similarities of the early places of worship in the history of the Judaism and Islam. So, this study has investigated and analyzed the structure of the religious buildings of Judaism and the mosques of Islam focusing the analysis of the process of formation of the early buildings based on the theoretical and religious texts. The present study is considered a descriptive-analytical study in respect of research method. The results obtained from this study indicate the commonalities in the historical features of the time of appearance of the early places of worship in the Judaism and Islam. This was also specified in the investigation and lexical rooting of the words relating to the early religious buildings in Judaism and Islam: in Judaism the temporal-spatial situations of the Zion have been effective in the appearance of each place of worship with its special name. In the section of the theoretical fundamentals of Judaism and Islam it can be said on the features of the architect and manufacturer of the places of worship that they have some commonalities, but they differ in the various sections of architectural and structural design