Assessing the impact of public space on social interactions in residential complexes (Case study: Lahijan city)

Due to the increasing population growth, the lack of uncontrolled land in cities, the pattern of housing production in cities has gradually changed and has expanded into residential complexes to respond to housing demand, which has The social interaction of residents has been diminishing. The public space of a high-rise residential complex, if designed appropriately for residents' gatherings, can be transformed into areas for interaction and exchange, providing physiological and psychological comfort, enhancing the sense of belonging, creating security, vitality, and so on. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the quality of the public space of the complex and finally to provide solutions to make the public space more desirable that could meet the needs of people of different age groups with the measures mentioned in the research. And enhance residents' social interactions. The research method was combined. In doing this research, we first collected the research background on public spaces of residential complexes and social interactions in it. According to the extracted variables from the research background, the hypotheses were written. For the independent and dependent variables of the research, criteria, and sub-criteria were identified through reference to the articles and references. Then, each sub-criterion was asked on the criterion for measuring the hypotheses and social interactions. The sample size was 398 persons. Since the design was done in Lahijan city of Gilan province, the questionnaires were distributed in Lahijan city as well as analysis of residential and site complex space through SPACE SYNTAX software and DEPTH MAP software. The results showed that the parameters (diversity, readability, physical framework, environmental capability, safety, facilities) in the area of ​​acceptance of the research hypothesis had a positive and significant effect on the promotion of social interactions of Lahijan residents, and safety criterion had the most impact on promoting Lahijan residents' social interactions. And others (physical and hierarchical elements) were estimated in the rejection area of ​​the research hypothesis. The priority order of the hypotheses is as follows: 1) Safety 2) Physical framework 3) Facilities 4) Environmental capability 5) Variety 6) Legibility. And according to the data, design solutions were expressed. Based on the analysis and analysis using the space syntax method and UCL DEPTH MAP software, we found that this urban space had good accessibility, security, and readability, and since being readable, it was necessary to have security and accessibility. More than met the criteria needed for social interaction, we concluded that the site was properly positioned to design a residential complex with an increased interaction approach As well as analyzing residential complex plans, we found that access planning, visual interconnection, depth of space and connections between components were well observed in the complex plans and public space and overall this residential complex was able to The help of their public spaces provided a convenient place for social interaction.