Antioxidant Enzymes and Acute Phase Proteins Correlate with Marker of Lipid Peroxide in Adult Nigerian Sickle Cell Disease Patients

Objective(s) Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic haemolytic anaemia. Haemoglobin S containing red blood cells may be susceptible to oxidative stress due to imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species and the countering effect of the various antioxidants present in the body. Materials and Methods We evaluated some antioxidant enzymes which include glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. We also determined malondialdehyde, C- reactive protein and fibrinogen using commercial kits in 144 adult sickle cell disease patients (68 males and 76 females) in steady state and 80 apparently healthy age/sex matched controls; 40 sickle cell trait (20 males/20 females) and 40 normal haemoglobin (20 males/20 females). Results The result showed that serum glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were lower in sickle cell disease patients compared with controls. Malondialdehyde, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen were significantly increased in sickle cell disease patients compared to the controls in both sexes. Malondialdehyde correlated negatively with superoxide dismutase (P< 0.01), glutathione peroxidase (P< 0.05), and catalase (P< 0.05) and positively (P< 0.05) with C - reactive protein and fibrinogen. Conclussion This study shows that malondialdehyde correlated negatively with antioxidant enzymes and positively with acute phase proteins in sickle cell anaemia patients in steady state.