‏‎the hypothesis is that recent and frequent exposure to lexical items leads to a more fluent production of speech in terms of rate of speech. to test the hypothesis,a one-way anova experimental design was carried out. 24 sednior students of efl participated in a one-way interview test. data analyses revealed that those who were exposed frequently to the lexical items over a week prior to interview, demonstrated higher scoresof speech rate. however single, recent exposure to lexical items did not have any significant effect on the fluency of speakers‎‏

‏‎despite the different criticisms on contrastive analysis it has been proved that the results of it(when processed) can be useful in a tefl environment, specially at the level of phonology.this study is an attempt to compare and contrast the sound systems of kurdish and english for pedagogical aims.the consonants,vowels,stress and intonation of the two languages are described by the same model-taxonomic phonology-and then compared and contrasted for finding the potential areas of difficulty and problem while teaching english to kurdish speaking students. fourty four phonemes of bbc english has been described and compared with the thirty eight phonemes of sorani kurdish.phonetic details have been elaborated on only when they have a pedagogical importance.the results have been summarized in tables.the stress ofd the two languages also have been studied at the levels of words,compounds and sentences.the nature and function of stress and its differencesin the two languages have been surveyed.intonation in english and kurdish also have been studied within the same model. all the results have been analysed and categorized for the purpose of teaching english as a foreign language to kurdish speakers. ‎‏

deposite the different criticisms on contrastive analysis it has been proved that the results of it(when processed)can be usuful in a tefl environment,specially at the level of phonology.this study is an attempt to compare and contrast the sound systems of kurdish and english for pedagogical aims. the consonants,vowels,stress and intonation of the twolanguages are described by the same model-taxonomic phonology-and then compared and contrasted for finding the potential areas of difficulty and problem while teaching english to kurdish speaking students.fourty four phonemes of bbc english has been described and compared with the thirty eight phonemes of sorani kurdish . phonetic details have been elaborated on only when they have a pedagogical importance. the results have been summarized in tables. the stress of the two languages also have been studied at the levels of words,compounds and sentences. the nature and function of stress and its differences in the two languages have been surveyed.intonation in english and kurdish also have been studied within the same model.all the results have been analysed and categorized for the purpose of teaching english as a foreign language to kurdish speakers.