Manoochehr Karjoo
Professor, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Golisano Children Hospital, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
[ 1 ] - Use of Foley Catheter Instead of Digital Rectal Examination for Detection of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Infants and Children
A digital rectal examination is a highly important procedure carried out on infants and children during visits to the gastroenterology clinic, but is often accompanied with physiologic and psychologic trauma in patients, along with being diagnostically inaccurate in the results obtained from it. In order to avoid causing discomfort to the patients, and to improve the accuracy of the results obt...
[ 2 ] - Short and Long Term Complications after Pediatric Liver Transplantation: A Review and Literature
Background: Pediatric liver transplant is a complex surgical procedure. Pediatric liver transplantation has evolved over the last two decades into an effective and widely accepted therapy for infants and children. The aim of our report is to review the current state of knowledge and explore the incidence of complications, the involved pathogens among liver recipients to determine the effective ...
[ 3 ] - Familial Mediterranean Fever: Review of Literature and Report of Two Cases
Familial Mediterranean fever, an autosomal recessive disorder, is a member of the periodic fever syndromes, and considered to be the most common cause of recurrent febrile episodes in children. It is important to understand the disorder as familial Mediterranean fever falls on a spectrum of various presentations; the recurrent episodes of familial Mediterranean fever may be so severe that the q...
[ 4 ] - Unexplained High Activity of Aspartate Aminotransferase in an Asymptomatic Pediatric Patient
Elevated enzyme activities in plasma may at times be attributed to the presence of macro-enzymes. The macro-enzymes are often serum enzymes in complex with immunoglobulins, resulting in a greater molecular mass that cannot be filtered by renal glomeruli and are, hence, retained in the plasma. The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) can exist as a macro-enzyme, although it has been rarely reported....
[ 5 ] - Evaluation of an Infant with Cholestasis and Congenital Hypopituitarism
We are reporting an infant with persistent abnormal liver function, neonatal jaundice, and intermittent hypoglycemia. Evaluation confirmed congenital hypopituitarism, in the absence of congenital anomalies and midline defect. His jaundice and abnormal liver function improved after treatment with Levothyroxine and hydrocortisone.
[ 6 ] - Extubation Failure in an Adolescent Patient after General Anesthesia for Gastrostomy Tube Placement
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease resulting in destruction of the post-synaptic nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Classically, the earliest symptoms of MG are ocular, including ptosis and diplopia. Other less common early symptoms include dysphagia and fatigable chewing. Our case report describes the unusual presentation of MG in a teenager patient and presented f...
[ 7 ] - Save the Children from Gastric and Intestinal Perforation Secondary to Small Magnet Ingestion by Educating Families with the Help of Pediatricians
The ingestion of foreign bodies is a comprehensive problem affecting the pediatric population, especially under 5 years of age. The ingestion of 2 or more magnets may lead to their attraction over planes of intervening soft tissue with enough force to cause significant complications including obstruction, fistula formation or even perforation.This case series report have documented the cases o...
[ 8 ] - A Patient with Interstitial 5q21 Deletion, Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, Dysmorphic Features, and Profound Neurologic Dysfunction
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary autosomal dominant cancer syndrome, results from germ line mutation or deletion of the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene on chromosome 5q21. Patients with FAP suffer from multiple polyps mainly at the colorectal region as well as other parts of the gastrointestinal tract, which has propensity to transform into carcinoma. FAP has also...
[ 9 ] - Genital Involvement In Pre-Pubertal Pediatric Population: A Rare Aspect of Crohn’s Disease
Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation that causes the loss of immune tolerance leading to bizarre inflammatory signals and disruption of mucosal barriers. Environmental triggers and interaction of genetic determinants also play an indispensible role. In this case report, we present a pre-pubertal girl with intermittent and refra...
[ 10 ] - Report of Four Children with Gaucher Disease and Review of Literature
Gaucher Disease (GD) is the most common type of Lysosomal Storage Disorder and it is divided into three distinct subtypes. The authors here report four different cases of Gaucher Disease, with varying clinical manifestations, and the diagnosis of each established by the low level of Beta-Glucosidase enzyme as well as genetic DNA testing. The study also highlights the importance of early diagnos...
[ 11 ] - Single Center Experience with Hydroxyzine in the Treatment of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
Background To this date, there has been no specific therapy proven to be effective for cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) in controlled trials. Multiple regimens have been proposed including: cyproheptadine, propranolol, amitriptyline, and phenobarbital. These medications are not without major side effects. The aim of this study was to describe the authors’ experience with hydroxyzine in children w...
[ 12 ] - Review of Natural History, Benefits and Risk Factors Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Liver or hepatic transplantation (LT) is the replacement of a diseased liver with part or whole healthy liver from another person (allograft). Human liver transplants were first performed by Thomas Starzl in the United States and Roy Calne in Cambridge, England in 1963 and 1967, respectively. Liver transplantation is a viable treatment option for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure....
[ 13 ] - Successful Use of Biliary Duct Balloon Dilator in Repairing Post-Surgical Esophageal Stricture in premature infant
Congenital esophageal atresia needs to be surgically corrected as soon as possible. Some will present with post surgical stricture that needs to be dilated by a balloon dilator. This procedure is difficult in premature born due to infant esophageal size and availability of equipments. We herby report the first case in a premature infant with post surgical esophageal stricture of esophageal atre...
[ 14 ] - Asymptomatic Celiac Disease in Children with Trisomy 21 at 26 Months of Age or Less
We report three cases of asymptomatic celiac disease identified in children with Down syndrome after being screened at around twenty-four months of age. These cases raise the question as to what age is screening for celiac disease indicated in a child with Down syndrome and no symptoms.
[ 15 ] - Celiac Disease
Celiac disease also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy is characterized by intestinal mucosal damage and malabsorption from dietary intake of wheat, rye or barley. Symptoms may appear with introduction of cereal in the first 3 years of life. A second peak in symptoms occurs in adults during the third or forth decade and even as late as eight decade of life. The prevalence of this disease is ...
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