The Reasons for and Stages of Correcting and Arabicizing the Islamic Coins with an Emphasis on the Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan's Era

With the expansion of territories, great amounts of Persian, Coptic, and Greek coins entered the Islamic countries. These coins were different in terms of weight, purity, images, and carvings. Some of the Khalifs and Muslim rulers made efforts to Arabicize and organize these coins. The peak of these actions was during the rule of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (65-86 A.H./684-705 AD). At this time, some coins such as Dinar, Dirham, and Follis were Arabicized and corrected. Identical coinage and Arabicizing them were the results of this correction movement. This process was influenced by the financial and economic factors to increase the government revenues and prevent the forging of the gold coins. Elimination of Islamic society's dependence on Iranian and Byzantine coins was among the political factors. Paying Zakat, Khums and blood money with complete and unhurt coins was among the religious factors. This study tries to examine the process of Arabicizing and the influential factors, causes, and consequences related to this phenomenon.