Population Window, Human Resource Management and Sustainable Economic Growth in the Second Phase of the Islamic Revolution of Iran

The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution issued “the Second Phase of the Revolution Statement” addressed to the Iranian nation" explained and interpreted the remarkable achievements of the last four decades, which is a document and a strategy to be implemented in the fifth decade of the revolution and its core is to entrust the job to young people aiming at comprehensive development. What is important in this statement is to address the young population by Supreme Leader saying that: " The young population under the age of 40, an important part of which is the result of a birth boom in the1980’s represents an invaluable prospect and opportunity for the country, and the most important optimistic potential capacity in the country is the talented and efficient human resource that enjoys deep, noble foundation of faith and religion. The youth of the current population of the country is an opportunity and a privilege, accordingly, considering the positive role of the population factor and the population window component, appropriate, planners should develop appropriate planning so that effective steps can be taken towards the nation’s economic, social and cultural development by managing human resources. Despite the positive outlook about the impact of demographic changes on economic growth, demographic dividend does not occur by itself and are essentially potential conditions that can only be realized through effective policy-making. In fact, this situation of the age structure of the population leads to the creation of opportunities for the growth in production and per capita income through mechanisms such as improving labor supply, savings, and human resources. On the other hand, during the last three decades, the data show a decrease in fertility from 1986 onwards. By studying the causes of the decrease and appropriate policies to increase fertility, the duration of using the population window can be increased. In this paper, the concepts of population window and demographic dividend have been looked through and the impact of these variables and human resources management on increase in sustainable economic growth as well as in the fertility rate has been studied by using the results of the population and housing censuses and the current situation of the population structure and developments.