Land ownership changes in Savad (Iraq) during the first period of Muslim conquests

The fall of the Sassanids changed the political, economical, social and cultural structures of Iran’s society. Changing land ownership was one of the consequences of this fall. Despite the importance of this issue, land ownership changes after the Muslim conquests of Savad (Iraq) have been less considered. The main question of this study is what kind of lands were in Savad and after the dominance of the Muslims, specifically during the period of the first three caliphs’ period, what were the changes of these lands’ ownership? Findings of the study indicate that land ownership of Savad was as Khaleseh (pure), Teuol, Endowment (Waqf), Private, Gift and Mavat (dead land). After the Muslim’s victory, the ownership of the lands that were conquered in peace did not change, but others did and became in the form of savafi, Endowment (waqf), Iqta' and tributary (Kharāj) lands. Although, the decisions of each of the Caliphs were different in this regard.