Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Phylogenetic Analysis of Antimicrobial Agents Producing Actinomycetes in Farming Saline Soils of Qom City, (Iran)

Background and Objectives: Actinomycetes are Gram-positive and filamentous bacteria that are the major microorganism in soil. According to studies, three quarters of all known antibiotics are produced by actinomycetes. The present study aimed to investigate actinomycetes in farming saline soils of different regions of Qom province in terms of antibacterial property.   Methods: In this experimental study, first, Actinomycetes were collected and isolated from farming saline soils of Qom province, then, primary screening was carried out using culture and secondary screening by agar diffusion method against pathogenic bacteria. For molecular identification, genomic DNA of all isolates was extracted, then their 16SrRNA gene was sequenced by PCR technique, replicated, and positive samples, were sequences and the obtained results were analyzed phylogenetically.   Results: In this study, out of 100 collected soil samples, 23 isolates of Actinomycetes were isolated. Also, in addition to microbiological tests, 10 samples were sequenced using the PCR method based on the 16 SrRNA, and the isolates were 100% and 99% similar to Streptomyces and Actinomycetes.   Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that new isolates exist in the soil sample of Qom province, which are able to produce new antibacterial agents and could be used in the field of industry.