Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Causing the Urinary Tract Infection in Urine Samples of Patients Admitted in and Referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan

Background and Objective: Urinary tract infection is the second most common cause of infection in the human body. Among the causes of urinary tract infection, Escherichia coli is the most common bacteria causing the urinary tract infection in both genders (male and female). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria causing urinary tract infection in the urine culture samples of the Shahid Beheshti Hospital Laboratory in Hamadan during 2016-2017. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted based on a purposive sampling for 16 months from April 2016 to July 2017 in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Hamadan. In this study, urine specimens were collected by Midstream Clean Sugar method and then cultured in two Blood Agar and EMB culture mediums using standard loop. Results: The results showed that, out of 1400 urine samples from outpatients referring to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan, 235 were positive, of which 105 cases (44.7%) were related to men and 130 cases (55.4%) were women. Escherichia coli isolated with 141 (60%) cases was the most common organisms. Most of Escherichia coli isolates (126 cases) were resistant to ciprofloxacin antibiotic and only 1 case of resistance to Carbenicillin was observed. Conclusion: In general, the results showed that the most common bacterial agent of urinary tract infection was Escherichia coli and the highest cases of this isolate were resistance to ciprofloxacin. In addition, the highest antibiotic susceptibility was related to Nitrofurantoin.