Investigating the Causes of Fecal Incontinence Following Anorectoplasty in Imperforated Anus Patient and Evaluation of its Treatment Result in Maryam Hospital, Between 2015-2020

Background: Fecal incontinence is one of the secondary and serious complications following anorectoplasty operation in the children with Imperforated Anus. Complete rectal dislocation and local spinal defect of the sphincter muscle are the main causes of fecal incontinence in people undergoing surgery for Imperforated Anus. Methods: This retrospective descriptive Case-Series study was performed during 2015 to 2020 at Maryam hospital. Data were collected by a checklist that was designed by the research. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the qualitative variables while quantitative variables were summarized using mean and Standard Deviation (±SD).  Results: The mean age of patients was 9.65 years and the standard deviation (±SD) was 7.45 (2-33 years). Fecal incontinence is the most common side effect after Sphincteroplasty for treatment of "Imperforated Anus" following anorectoplasty. The success rate of surgery in this study in the recovery of patients with fecal incontinence after anorectoplasty for patients with imperforated anus is 74% after 6 months and 89% after 2 years. Conclusion: The most common causes of fecal incontinence following anorectoplasty were rectal displacement as well as ano-rectum misplacement between the sphincter muscle and annular sphincter defect. In patients with history of anorectoplasty, annular sphincter defects were most often seen at rejoins 12 and 6 o'clock (Superior and Inferior). It is necessary that surgeons pay more attention to repairing these points in order to prevent the incidence and recurrence of fecal incontinence.