Evaluation of the Effects of Afsantin on Liver Diseases from the Perspective of Three Books of Iranian Medicine (Al-hawi Razi, Ibn Sina's law and Khwarazmshahi Zakhire)

Objective: New research shows the positive role of the Afsantin plant in the treatment of liver diseases. Therefore, it may be possible to find new solutions in the treatment of liver diseases by examining how to use this plant in the doctrine of Iranian medicine. Methods: In this qualitative study, by referring to specialized libraries of traditional medicine in the country and using various digital sources, first, the Afsantin plant was studied in the terminology of the Iranian medical doctrine and after knowing the different names of this plant, each of these names was searched in various medical books, especially the three famous books Al-Hawi, Qanun and Zakhire Khwarezmshahi? Then, different medical prescriptions related to Afsantin were extracted in these books and different applications of this plant in diseases, especially liver diseases, were recorded and coded. After entering the excel data, the data were converted into regular tables and then by referring to various sites such as Pubmed, Google scholar, Magira, Irandoc, IranMedex, articles related to the medicinal applications of the Afsantin plant in liver diseases were extracted and the notes of these articles were analyzed with the data obtained from previous medical books. Results: By examining the Afsantin plant in three books (Al-Hawi, Qanun and Zakhire Khwarezmshahi), 604 copies were identified that were used to treat various diseases using Afsantin. Liver diseases with 179 copies (30%) Gastric diseases with 119 (20%) Neurological diseases 70 (12%) and other diseases were in the next categories. By examining liver diseases and the use of Afsantin in their treatment, it was found that Iranian physicians had a good knowledge of liver diseases and Afsantin was used singularly and in combination in inflammatory diseases of the liver, liver and ascites, etc. Among these, the most common use of Afsantin is related to inflammatory diseases of the liver (23%), jaundice (20%), ascites (19%) and liver disease (13%). The most common use of this plant was 80% orally and in the next stage was topical (20%). In combined prescription, the use of plants such as lavender (30.2%), mastic (24.6%), anise (17.3%), Chinese rhubarb (17.3%), rose (16.2), saffron (15.1) %), Ghafes extract (14%) and .... along with Afsantin is mostly used to intensify the therapeutic effect of Afsantin or eliminate the side effects of this plant on the body. Also, reviewing the articles of modern medicine also clarified the sufficient knowledge of the authors of these books about liver diseases, so that the equivalent of jaundice can be introduced as discoloration of body tissues to yellow due to bilirubin deposition and a disease like ascites is ascites, which is one of the causes of abdominal distention due to fluid in the abdomen, and inflammation of the liver can also include a variety of liver cell adenomas, liver hyperplasias, hemangiomas and benign masses, and carcinomas malignant liver. And the interesting point is that the effect of Afsantin and ingredients such as mastic and lavender, etc., which were prescribed in the prescriptions of Iranian doctors, has been proven in the treatment of liver diseases, so that the reduction of liver enzymes in rats by injecting the extract Hydroalcoholic Afsantin and positive effects of alcoholic extract of this plant on hepatoma cells of mice and humans, as well as preventing necrosis of liver cells and reducing the penetration of inflammatory cells into liver tissue and protective effect against acute liver damage in mice are among the proven therapeutic effects of Afsantin in medicine. It is modern and individuals such as lavender and mastic that have been most associated with the offspring plant have shown positive effects in preventing liver necrosis and reducing bilirubin levels, respectively. Conclusion: Considering the frequent use of this plant by famous Iranian physicians and their adaptation of modern findings in the field of treatment of liver diseases, it seems that the study of the effect of this plant on liver diseases in Iranian medicine, if more widely studied. And the results of this study are measured by the standards and norms of modern medicine to be able to achieve new solutions in the treatment of liver disease.