Evaluation of the Effect of Ursolic Acid Compared with Ibuprofen and Dexamethasone in Synoviocyte Model for Osteoarthritis: an Ex Vivo Study

Background: Osteoarthritis is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignant diseases in the world and was previously recognized as a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage deformity and the formation of new bones at the edges of the joint. But this disease is not just a degenerative disease but also a biomechanical, biochemical, and cellular phenomenon. Common treatments include side effects such as peptic ulcer disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, liver toxicity, and kidney complications. Therefore, we decided to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory effects of Ursolic acid, Active ingredient of Salvia officinalis L. (Salvia officinalis L.) on the biomarkers that are important for osteoarthritis. Objective: In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of uric acid (derived from the herb of the sage) in cells that caused osteoarthritis. Methods: We first used THP-1 cells as a model similar to monocyte / macrophage cells and synoviocytes cells as a model similar to human cartilage cells. After treatment of the cells by LPS and inducing osteoarthritis, they were treated with Ursulic acid (Prepared by Sigma Company). DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) was used as a solvent and a negative control, and steroid and non steroid drugs were used as positive controls. Results: Ursolic acid at a concentration of 1 μg / ml, Significantly reduces the level of expression of the pre-inflammatory cytokines including: (TNF-α), (IL-1β), (IL-18), (iNOS), (COX2), (iNOS). Conclusion: The results of this study show that the use of Ursolic Acid by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the model like osteoarthritis can lead to an improvement in the disease and, in this regard, recommends an in-vivo test