Evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of green-synthesized Zinc Oxide nanoparticles with Ceratonia siliqua extract on the breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB231) and its antiangiogenic effects

Introduction Green biosynthesis of the metallic nanoparticles is considered as one of the effective method for cancer treatment with minimum side effects. The objective of this study was the evaluation of cytotoxicity of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles synthesized with Ceratonia siliqua extract on the breast cancer cells and assessment of anti-angiogenesis properties of these nanoparticles in the chorioallantoic model (CAM). Methods & Materials In this investigation, the MDA-MB231 cancer cells line was treated for 24, 48 and 72 hours at different concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles (31.2 to 250 µg/ml) synthesized with Ceratonia siliqua extract and the percentage of cell viability was evaluated using an MTT assay. In addition, to determine the anti-angiogenesis effect, Ross Fertilized Chicken eggs were used in the CAM assay. After 12 days, the vessel number, vessels length, embryo length, and weight were measured. Results The findings showed that the green synthesized ZnO nanoparticle induces a cytotoxicity effect on breast cancer cell line (P≤ 0.001) depended in dose and time. The IC50 values were found about 62.5 μg/ml. Evaluation of angiogenesis in the CAM model showed that ZnO nanoparticles in the dose ratio used, significantly reduced the number of vessels (P≤0.01); (P≤0.001) and the length of the vessels (P≤0.001); (P≤0.05) and embryo size (P≤0.05) and embryo weight ((P≤0.05) only in the high-dose). Conclusion ZnO nanoparticles synthesized with Ceratonia siliqua extract having a cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells and anti-angiogenic effect can be an appropriate candidate in cancer treatment.