Effect of nano iron and Magnesium chelate fertilizers on on Growth and Grain Yield of Vigna sinensis L.

In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron and magnesium nano-chelate fertilizers on morphophysiological characteristics of Vigna sinensis L., an experiment was conducted in Shahroud University of Technology in 2010-2011. The experiment was carried out in a factorial arrangement with randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included five levels of iron (0, 0.25, 0.5 g/l of nanoparticles and the same concentration of normal iron) as the first factor and foliar application of magnesium with three levels (zero, 1% concentration of nanoparticles and the same concentration of normal magnesium) as a second factor. The traits of stem height, number of branches, distance from the first pod from soil surface, pod length, leaf area index, yield and yield components, Greenness Index, iron and magnesium elements and seed protein were measured. The results showed that the effect of different levels of iron and magnesium on all traits except grain protein was significant. The highest stem height, distance between the first pods from the soil surface and leaf area index were observed in the nano-iron treatment 0.25 g/l and 1% nano magnesium. The iron composition of 0.25 g/l and nano magnesium had the highest number of lateral branches (5.46 branches per plant) and sheath length (16.56 cm). While the Greenness Index traits and the amount of iron and magnesium in leaves, had the highest efficiency in 0.5 grams per liter iron in both nano and normal forms, with normal magnesium treatment. However, the highest grain protein (22.35%) was produced by using nano-iron at 0.25 g/l alone.The highest yield resulted from the application of Fe (0.5 g/l) × nano- magnesium with mean of 2377.73 kg/h and the lowest values were for the nano magnesium (792/55 kg/h). One of the reasons for the observed increase in yield in Fe (0.5 g / L) × nano magnesium was the increase in the number of pods per plant and the weight of 1000 seeds. Amongst the yield components, number of seeds per pod were the highest when Fe × magnesium applied. It seems that in all of the morphological and physiological traits, the leaf area index was the best with Fe (0.25 g/l) (both nano and normal forms) ×nano magnesium treatment. While in the traits of yield and other physiological traits iron treatments of 0.5 grams per liter (both nano and normal forms) were superior to normal magnesium.