Effect of Dual Releasing of β-glycerophosphate and Dexamethasone from Ti Nanostructured Surface for Using in Orthopedic Applications

Nano-structured surface and its ability to dual release of osteogenic and anti-inflammatory agents have a positive effect on the success of using titanium in orthopedic applications. For this purpose, TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were created via anodization method on Ti sheets and loaded by β-glycerophosphate (GP) and dexamethasone (DEX) as osteogenic and anti-inflammatory agents, respectively. They were coated with a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer for controlling their releasing rate. The synthesized dual-release system was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, XRD and UV-Vis techniques. The average diameter of TNTs was 84.182 nm. The presence of drugs in the system has been proven in the FTIR analysis. UV-Vis technique’s results show that the coated layer could control the release rate to improve the potential of the structures for supporting mineralization. Releasing of DEX was higher than GP and reached to a constant rate after 9 days. MTT test results confirmed the possibility of the surface designed Ti for bone regeneration purposes.