Design Criteria, Applicability and Specifications of Visual Aids to Navigation Signs Used in Ports and Waterways (Case Study of Siraf Pars Service Port and Lavan Oil Terminal)

Due to the range of hazards threatening the navigation of vessels such as collisions with other passing vessels, collisions with structures such as breakwaters, and collisions with the bottom of vessels with the seabed, the design and use of fixed and floating signs should be considered. These signs, in addition to daytime operation, should also be equipped with portable lights to navigate during the night. Since the maritime industry is international, these signs must have the same standards in terms of the shape, color, and rhythm of the lights These standards are developed by IALA. In this study, by reviewing international standards, navigation signs are first introduced and the use and characteristics of each of these signs are determined. In the following, as a case study, the location of these signs by using principles has been done for Tombak port and Lavan oil wharf.