Comparison of the effects of low calorie diet and lovastatin on serum lipoproteins, apob, homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity in hyperlipidemic obese persons

  Abstract   Background: obesity is directly related to dyslipidemia which contributes significantly   to the risk of coronary heart disease, a major cardiovascular disease and a serious   health problem. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of low calorie   diet and those of lovastatin on serum lipoproteins, apo B, homocysteine, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in hyperlipidemic obese patients.   Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 41 obese patients were stratified by BMI,   serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) and randomly allocated to one of   these groups: 1- Lovastatin tablet (40mg) 2-1200 calorie diet per day according to the   therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) dietary pattern for 8 weeks. Serum lipoprotein,   apo B, homocysteine, and TAC were measured enzymatically, immunoturbidometrically,   via EIA , and colorimetrically respectively.   Results: There were a significant decrease in mean of the serum TC (P=0.0001),   LDL- c(p=0.0001), TG/HDL-c(p=0.03), apoB (p=0.0001) and significant increase   in TAC (p=0.0001) in diet group at the end of the study compare to lovastatin group.   TC, LDL-c, TG, LDL-c/HDL-c , TC/HDL-c , TG/HDL-c, homocysteine and apo B   showed significant decrease but TAC showed significant increase in the diet group at   the end of the study compared to beginning values (p=0.0001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001,   p=0.001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001 and p=0.002, respectively). But   in the lovastatin group only TC, LDL-C, TG, LDL-c/HDL-c, TC/HDL-c and apo B   had significant decrease at the end of the study compared to beginning values   (P=0.0001, P=0.0001, P=0.0001, P=0.01, P=0.02, P=0.002, respectively)   Conclusion: The study revealed that when compared to levostation 1200 kcal diet   according to TLC dietary pattern had more beneficial effects on serum lipoproteins,   apo B, homocysteine and TAC, so it may decrease CVD risk factors and mortality   in hyperlipidemic obese patients.