Clinical Applicability of Stem Cell Therapy in Dental Diseases: A Systematic Review of Available Clinical Trials

Background: Developing cell-based therapeutic methods for the differentiation of various stem cells to the dental tissues could be a revolutionary step towards the use of cell therapy for dental disease. In the present study, we aimed to systematically review the literature to establish the efficiency of stem cells in treatment of various dental diseases. Methods: A literature search was performed on September 2020 in the electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid, and Google Scholar using the search words “stem cell” and “dental disease” as well as all their equivalents and similar terms. The search was limited to clinical trials in the English language. Results: Overall, 22 articles with 400 study patients were found and used for qualitative data synthesis. Findings showed that a variety of stem cells with different origins can be used for cell therapy of various dental complications such as pulp necrosis, traumatic dental injuries, maxillofacial bony defects, impacted third molars, etc. Conclusion: Stem cell therapy is an efficient method for treatment of dental complications. It can be used to regenerate whole dental pulp and may be useful for treating tooth injuries due to trauma.