Chest drainage and its associated factors in patients who undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)

Introduction: Cardiac surgery is one of the common therapeutic interventions in patients with coronary artery disease. However, this therapeutic method has various complications during and after surgical operation. The most frequent complication after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is the postoperative bleeding which is considered as a major problem. Objective: This study aims to determine the amount of chest drainage and its related factors in patients undergoing CABG. Methods: This descriptive cross – sectional study was conducted on 288 CABG patients admitted to intensive care units in Rasht city who were chosen by gradual sampling method. Data was collected through a three part researcher made questionnaire including demographics, history of previous diseases and current status and related information on cardio–pulmonary pump and rate of chest tube drainage obtained through patients’ medical records. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (Chi square, Fisher test and logistic regression). Results: According to the research findings, 38% of CABG patients had chest drainage above the normal range in the left drain (27.1%), more than right drain (18.1%), and mid drain (25.3%). The minimum amount of drainage in 96.2% of patients was observed at the time of admission and maximum amount in 38.2% patients was observed at fourth hour after admission to the ICU. Using Logistic regression model, a statistically significant relationship was indicated between increasing trend of post- operative chest drainage and duration of heart disease, number of performed artery grafts and duration of connection to ventilator (p=0.003). Conclusion: As the first step to resolve patients’ issues is stemming complications, this research can provide important information for the health care team to control complications such as hemorrhage and its related factors by implementing necessary treatment cares to prevent serious complications and improve patients quality of care.