Article Title: Measuring leadership styles in the organization with a approach of counterfactual thinking (Case study of Iranian Offshore Oil Company)

This research aims to determine leadership styles based on counterfactual thinking in relation to oneself and others. The research method was semi structure and the statistical population of the research were formed by the leaders of the Offshore Oil Company, among whom thirty-two people based on characteristics, managers The CEO was immediately elected. The research tools included eight leadership style measurement scenarios based on counterfactual thinking, upward and downward counterfactual thinking questionnaire, leadership styles questionnaire and self and others questionnaire. The data were analyzed using independent groups t-test (to determine the effect of applied manipulation) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results of the independent groups t-test showed that the two scenarios of upward and downward counterfactual thinking had a significant effect on each of the four leadership styles of managers. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) also showed that there is a significant difference between upward and downward thinking in leadership styles, as well as with oneself and others (p<0.05), but in leadership styles, there is a significant difference between upward and downward thinking. It was not obtained.