Application of Proper Nouns as Terms of Address in Russian Compared to their Persian Equivalents

This study delved into the application of proper nouns as terms of address in Russian and Persian. In other words, it examined the rules governing the application of terms of address expressed as the names of individuals in different speech situations in both languages. The comparative study of the cultural features of languages spoken by Russians and Iranians called for the investigation of this subject. This is the first study to examine the application of proper nouns as terms of address in Russian and Persian focusing on their cultural-linguistic features. The findings suggest that the choice of terms of address depends on factors such as the degree of familiarity with the person being addressed, formality and informality of the speech situation, age, social status, gender, and even cultural, personality, and religious characteristics of those involved in the speech communication. The results of this study can benefit not only Iranian students who learn Russian, but also Russian speakers who learn Persian as a foreign language. This study employed descriptive and comparative linguistics research methods.