A Study on the Effect of Concurrent Administraon of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Cannabis Sava and Capsaicin on PTZ-Induced Seizure in Neonatal Rats

Introducon: Concurrent acvity of a set of neurons, due to their severity and extent, causes different seizure behaviors. More than three percent of the world's populaon has epilepsy and convenonal medicaons have undesirable side effects if taken, so access to substances with fewer side effects is essenal. The Cannabis sava is adapted to the Iranian climate and has an-seizure effects due to its factors. Capsaicin, acve constuents in red peppers by destroying the sensory nerve terminals in the sensive postnatal period has the potenal to affect brain structure and performance. This study invesgates the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of cannabis Sava and capsaicin heated flowers on PTZ-induced seizures in twenty-day-old rats alone or under neonatal administraon. Material and methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of cannabis Sava was prepared by maceraon and dissolved in saline, ethanol, and twin 80. The dose of 50 mg/kg of the extract was administered to 4- to 10-day-old rats by intraperitoneal injecon. In the capsaicin-treated group, the compound with a dose of 50 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneal injecon on the second day aer birth. To assess acute seizures, PTZ was administered at a dose of 50mg/kg into a 20-day-old rat and the seizure behavior of the animals was invesgated at 60 minutes. The groups were evaluated and compared with PTZ and solvent groups in terms of two quanes, the duraon of the different stages of the seizure and the delay me to the occurrence ofseizure. Results: Comparing the effects of neonatal administraon of capsaicin and the chronic effect of the extract, the results showed a significant increase in delay me to stage 4 seizure (P <0.001) and a decrease in the duraon of thisstage to zero. Discussion: Degradaon of the sensory nerve terminals by capsaicin and deprivaon of somatosensory senses in the postnatal sensive developmental period lead to structural and funconal changes at different levels of the brain. Smulaon of cannabinoid receptors (CB1) in the brain affected by the extract overcomes these changes and reduces the severity of seizure aacks. Considering the presence of influencing factors on the cannabinoid system in plant extract, it can be concluded that the extract may have an-seizure effects by inhibing the glutaminergic system and smulang the GABAA system.