A Review on the compositions in the lay‌out of the beginning and end pages of the manuscripts of Iran (Seljuk to the Safavid end)

Iranian painting has always appeared in the form of manuscripts. Manuscripts have been admitted to provide artists with the work of coordinating and linking between writing and graphic art and empty spaces, to reach a beautiful and balanced layout of interest to artists. This article attempts to study the evolution of book publishing practices and has a fresh look at the layout of Iranian manuscripts from the Seljuk period to the end of the Safavid period. In this research, the documentary study and content analysis method are used to study the layout patterns in the manuscripts used as the data of the study. Each manuscript in Iran has several sections that include text pages, text and image pages, image pages, page lists, end page, header page, start pages. Each of these sections, alone or in conjunction with other sections, has visually specific visual methods for aligning elements and adjoining components and components. The principles of page composition in each of the categories mentioned above have evolved over time, influenced by the artistic principle of the time. This article deals with various sections of a version that explores the beginning and ending pages over time. Investigating and analyzing the samples showed that clear and regular principles in the Iranian manuscripts page layout in the periods mentioned above, which can be extracted and modeled and used, can be recharged into the page layout of todaychr('39')s Books. The results show that the form of the composition of the header pages is influenced by the start page and their formation can be related to the beginning pages. The simpler header pages were commonly used during first Islamic centuries in Iran, but later on the designs and layouts in these pages ranges and became more complicated.it should be mentioned that the header was first used in order to write the section names in literary books. In Quran the header contains one word mostly the attributes of god. The use of simple sentences in the header parts makes the change in the form of the header in pages. So, these changes led to the use of two different pages in book designing: header page and the start page. The start pages remain simple in design until the Jalayeries era. Most of the start pages do not have ant texts although in later times the attributes of God were used in the start pages of a few of book. After the Safavid era, the start pages were completely illustrated by arabesques and other ornaments. Completely designed and colored in bright and shining colors. During the Safavid era it is the ornamentation which matters and layout of the page obeyed the ordinary types of the time. The header pages are also simple in first Islamic centuries. From Ilkhanid to Safavid the round shapes or ornaments were common in header pages. The simple palmetto or floral motifs beside the geometric patterns were common.  Although during the Timurids the header pages became a common part of the books which were designed by Islamic motifs in books but is just during the safavids that the complicated designs were used in the header pages.