کارایی انتخاب ژنومی در برنامه‌های اصلاح نژاد مرغان بومی

The development of genomic selection has created new strategies in animal breeding programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of genomic selection in breeding programs of native hens. In this study, a reference scenario with 3380 birds using pedigree and phenotypic information was simulated and the expected genetic progress was derived deterministically with the software of ZPLAN+. The reference scenario was compared with two genomic breeding programs to determine the best strategy for implementing genomic information in breeding programs of native hens. In scenario I, the genomic information of both sexes was used, but in scenario II, only one's of males was used. In both scenarios, the number of genotyped male selection candidates was varied between 800 and 1600 males and four size of the reference population including (500, 1000, 1500 or 2000 birds) were considered. The generation interval of 14.5 months was in the reference scenario. In both genomic scenarios, breeders of both sexes were select at the biologically earliest possible age. So, the generation interval was reduced to eight months. All genomic scenarios increased the genetic gain and the economic profit of the breeding program (€ 235.87 to € 273.28 profit per animal unit in scenario II). The accuracy of the selection index in reference scenario was 0.61 and 0.63 for cocks and hens, respectively. This study showed that the increase of accuracy and decrease of general interval in genomic scenarios has a positive effect on the profit and genetic gain. So, application of genomic information increased the efficiency of breeding programs in native fowl. Based on the results of this study, genomic selection can be used in genomic breeding programs of native fowls. To reduce costs, it is also recommended to investigate the application of low-density SNP chips.