فراوانی نسبی انواع ناهنجاری‌های ستون فقرات کمری خاجی در افراد بدون علامت در داوطلبین استخدامی شهرستان بیرجند

Background and Aim: Congenital anomalies of spine especially in the lumbosacral region represent an extensive spectrum from simple asymptomatic defect (spina bifida occulta) to complicated myelomeningocele with profound neurogenic deficits. The goal of the present study was to determine neural tube defects (NTDs) frequency in asymptomatic in apparently healthy adults in Birjand. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive one on 925 seemingly healthy individuals applying for employment in IRI police force in Birjand city in 2007. Radiographs of lumbosacral region were obtained in the anterior-posterior and lateral projections. Additional views were also acquired if indicated. All radiographs were examined by an experienced radiologist to detect any lumbosacral anomalies. Statistical analysis was well done by SPSS (version 12) at the significant level P<0.05. Results: Mean age of the subjects was 23.6±5.5 years. 76% of the population were single and 68% of them had been born in South Khorasan province. 21.6% of the subjects had one of NTDs. The most prevalent anomaly was spina bifida (14.7%). The most common involved vertebra was S1 (11.7%) and the second most common anomaly was bilateral or unilateral sacralization of L5 (6%). Conclusion:According to the findings of the study asymptomatic lumbosacral disraphisms in the region are relatively common(21.6%) the most prevalent of which is spina bifida occulta involving S1 vertebra. Regarding the role of nutrition (folic acid) and genetics in the occurrence of these complications, more research on and attention to the diet of pregnant mothers are recommended. Although there are reasons supporting the occurrence of late appearing complications such as chronic and hernidiscal backaches, this congenital complications association requires more research.